Hydrothermal liquefaction of protein-containing biomass: study of model compounds for Maillard reactions

Fan, Yujie; Hornung, Ursel; Dahmen, Nicolaus; Kruse, Andrea

doi:10.1007/s13399-018-0340-8

Cited by 100 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In connection with a composition of BSG, a critical role is a high content of proteins which may impact the kinetic. As mentioned in Section 2.3, the decomposition of proteins in TGA takes place between 200-500 • C. In consequence, the activation energy for BSG may be higher than hydrochars while during HTC proteins hydrolyze to amino acids and then reacts with carbohydrates via Maillard-type reaction [13,55,56]. Besides the proteins content BSG contains cellulose where hydrogen bonds additionally stabilize the single chains of cellulose connected through C-O-C glycosidic bonds.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Hydrochars Produced from Brewer’s Spent Grains

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current market situation shows that large quantities of the brewer’s spent grains (BSG)—the leftovers from the beer productions—are not fully utilized as cattle feed. The untapped BSG is a promising feedstock for cheap and environmentally friendly production of carbonaceous materials in thermochemical processes like hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) or pyrolysis. The use of a singular process results in the production of inappropriate material (HTC) or insufficient economic feasibility (pyrolysis), which hinders their application on a larger scale. The coupling of both processes can create synergies and allow the mentioned obstacles to be overcome. To investigate the possibility of coupling both processes, we analyzed the thermal degradation of raw BSG and BSG-derived hydrochars and assessed the solid material yield from the singular as well as the coupled processes. This publication reports the non-isothermal kinetic parameters of pyrolytic degradation of BSG and derived hydrochars produced in three different conditions (temperature-retention time). It also contains a summary of their pyrolytic char yield at four different temperatures. The obtained KAS (Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose) average activation energy was 285, 147, 170, and 188 kJ mol−1 for BSG, HTC-180-4, HTC-220-2, and HTC-220-4, respectively. The pyrochar yield for all hydrochar cases was significantly higher than for BSG, and it increased with the severity of the HTC’s conditions. The results reveal synergies resulting from coupling both processes, both in the yield and the reduction of the thermal load of the conversion process. According to these promising results, the coupling of both conversion processes can be beneficial. Nevertheless, drying and overall energy efficiency, as well as larger scale assessment, still need to be conducted to fully confirm the concept.

show abstract

Section: Pyrolysis Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis Kinetics of Hydrochars Produced from Brewer’s Spent Grains

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[13] Fan et al, 2018 studied the hydrothermal treatment of lactose and maltose at 250-350°C with and without the addition of lysine and showed that the MR inhibits HTC and promotes the production of bio-oil at the expense of solid products. [14] The promoting or inhibiting influence of nitrogen-containing compounds on the HTC of biomass and on the formation of NÀ HC needs further investigation. In this work, the influence of nitrogen-containing compounds on the formation pathway of HC will be studied and the following questions will be addressed: How nitrogen-containing compounds promote or inhibit the formation of HC?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen‐Containing Hydrochar: The Influence of Nitrogen‐Containing Compounds on the Hydrochar Formation

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of fructose and urea containing solutions was conducted at 180 °C to study the influence of nitrogen‐containing compounds on the conversion process and HTC products properties. The concentration of fructose was fixed, while the concentration of urea was gradually increased to study its influence on the formation of nitrogen‐containing hydrochar (N−HC). The degradation of urea has an important influence on the HTC of fructose. The Maillard reaction (MR) promotes the formation of N−HC in acidic conditions. However, in alkaline conditions, MR promotes the formation of bio‐oil at the expense of N−HC. Alkaline conditions reduce N−HC yield by catalyzing fragmentation reactions of fructose and by promoting the isomerization of fructose to glucose. The results showed that adjusting the concentration of nitrogen‐containing compounds or the pH value of the reaction environment is important to force the reaction toward the formation of N−HC or N‐bio‐oil.

show abstract

“…348 On the other hand, with hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) at temperatures between 250°C and 350°C, several heterocycles could originate from the components of proteins, such as piperidines and quinolines from lysine in bio-oils, while pyrazines form from the mixture of disaccharides and lysine. 349 Besides organic matter derived from HTL with liquid-N accounting for the majority of nitrogenous products, [350][351][352][353] the HTL conditions can affect the concentrations of metals (e.g., Fe, Na, Mg, Ca) and inorganic species (e.g., P) in algal biocrude. 354 It is worth noting that N-containing heterocycles partition undesirably into bio-crude oils after hydrothermal treatment.…”

Section: Green Chemistry Critical Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%