Hydrothermal Growth of Zinc Oxide Nanorods and Glucose-Sensor Application

Abstract

High-quality zinc oxide nanorods were grown on various substrates using zinc nitrate (Zn(NO 3 ) 2 ) and hexamethylenetetramine ((CH 2 ) 6 N 4 ). The substrates greatly affect the hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanorods. Making the best use the substrate effect, we engineered substrates to make a single nanorod in each hole of 100 nm × 100 nm in the array of the holes on the photoresist-patterned substrate. It is also interesting to note that high-quality ZnO nanorods grown on GaN substrates by the hydrothermal growth technique have demonstrated the potential application as a glucose sensor without oxidase for the first time. The photoluminescence in the UV wavelength range was quenched by immobilizing glucose on the ZnO surface. The peak intensity decreased increased with the increased glucose concentrations. A good linearity and high sensitivity were obtained for the glucose concentrations of 0.5 -30 mM in the calibration curve. The calibration curve was not influenced by the presence of bovin serum albumin (BSA), ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA), which are also included in human blood and could cause interference in estimating glucose concentrations in human blood. The PL quenching was attributed to the H 2 O 2 molecules, which were produced by the photo-oxidation of glucose during exposure to UV light. The PL-quenching glucose sensor made of ZnO nanorods has been evaluated for the first time by estimating the glucose concentrations in the human serum samples which include those of diabetes, and a good correlation was obtained between the concentrations by the PL quenching and the clinical data provided by a local hospital.

Investigation of the Influence of the As-Grown ZnO Nanorods and Applied Potentials on an Electrochemical Sensor for In-Vitro Glucose Monitoring

“…Furthermore, ZnO NRs create multi-tunnels, so electrons can be easily transferred from the surface of the ZnO NRs, to the surface of the electrode [22]. On the other side, GOx provides a suitable nano-environment for the glucose to react with the oxygen, and to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the surface of the working electrode [23][24].…”

“…The influence that GaN has on the device performance was not taken into consideration [13]. Recently, Rafiq Ahmad et al fabricated an integrated field effect transistor-based biosensor and they obtained a high output drain current after the applied-biased gate voltage reached a high value.…”

Obtaining a Well-Aligned ZnO Nanotube Array Using the Hydrothermal Growth Method / Labi Sakārtotu Zno Nanocauruļu Kopu Iegūšana, Izmantojot Hidrotermālo Metodi

“…Zinc oxide is a promising material for application in several areas: nanogenerators [1], [2], piezoelectric devices [8], photo conductors [3], [5], biochemical and biological processes [9], [12], [13] and various sensors [6], [9]- [14]. It is very sensitive to changes in growing conditions, and so by changing the growth parameters it is possible to obtain different ZnO morphologies: 1D nanostructures (rods, needles, tubes) [2], [8], [11], [15], 2D (plates, ribbons, walls) [1], [3], and 3D ("trees", "moss", "flowers", "urchins") [2], [5], [6], [7].…”

Investigation of Glucose Sensing via Controlled Copper Concentration in CuO for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Biosensor

“…17 Sarangi et al, explored another non-enzymatic method for ZnO nanorod based glucose sensor and shown that it is selective towards glucose as compared to bovin serum albumin, ascorbic acid, or uric acid, which are also present in human blood. 18,19 In this study, we used a simple and low-cost method that is hydrothermal technique for the preparation of copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures, and then structural and morphological analysis of prepared samples were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM images and XRD patterns of these samples revealed a nearly same morphology, along with a pure monoclinic structure.…”