Hydrothermal gasification of sewage sludge and model compounds for renewable hydrogen production: A review

He, Chao; Chen, Chia-Lung; Giannis, Apostolos; Yang, Yanhui; Wang, Jing‐Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.141

Cited by 237 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…As we know that sewage sludge is rich in the organic matter and the chemical composition of organic fraction is very complex, which is mainly composed of carbohydrates (cellulose and hemicellulose), proteins and lipids. Previous studies [7,37] showed that glucose is a suitable model compound for carbohydrate constituent of sewage sludge. Titirici et al [38] synthesized hydrothermal carbons from glucose under hydrothermal carbonization at a mild temperature of 180 C. It was concluded that hydrothermal carbonization of glucose proceeds in three steps, including dehydration of glucose to 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) or furfural, polymerizations to form polyfurans, and carbonizations via further intermolecular dehydration.…”

Section: Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam gasification of hydrochar derived from sewage sludge

Gai

Guo

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

146

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Steam Alkali catalyst Hydrogen Hydrothermal carbonization a b s t r a c tHydrothermal carbonization is an effective pretreatment for further thermal conversion of high moisture biomass without a high cost of a dehydration process. The current paper concerns the properties of hydrochar derived from hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge, and the feasibility of steam gasification of hydrochar for hydrogen-rich gas production was investigated. Sewage sludge derived hydrochar was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy to evaluate its feasibility for gasification application. The effect of reaction temperature, steam to biomass mass ratio, and addition of alkali catalysts on steam gasification characteristics of raw sewage sludge and corresponding hydrochar were evaluated, in terms of major composition of the produced gas, gas yield, gasification efficiency and energy density. The results showed that sewage sludge derived hydrochar was rich in hydrophilic functional groups and increased Fe, Ni, alkali and alkaline earth metals (i.e. K, Na, Ca, Mg), resulting in a higher hydrogen yield and energy efficiency than direct steam gasification of sewage sludge under identical conditions. In addition, hydrogen-rich gas production was also favored with the presence of alkali catalysts, especially for the hydrochar. The present study demonstrates that hydrothermal carbonization provides an effective pretreatment of sewage sludge for production of hydrogen-rich gas via steam gasification.

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Section: Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam gasification of hydrochar derived from sewage sludge

Gai

Guo

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

146

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“…For example, the annual production of flax in the European Union and China is close to 11,000,000 and 6,000,000 tonnes, respectively. 9 Considering that 50% of the cost of sewage treatment represent the treatment of this waste, it is necessary to use it in a sustainable manner aiming at reducing costs and environmental impact, thus completing a relationship between water treatment technologies and the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Potential of Biodiesel Production through Microalgae Farming in Photobioreactor and High Rate Ponds from Wastewater Treatment

Pinho¹,

Oliveira²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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In the last decade, the research works on microbial as a potential source of lipid for biodiesel production have been growing. In this work, the potential of a sludge from high-rate lagoons in urban sewage treatment, composed mainly by Chlorella sp., as oil source for biodiesel production, was studied. The potential of Chlorella sp. growth in photobioreactor under controlled conditions was also investigated. Low lipid content (up to 3%) was observed in both cases. The composition of both oils showed high amount of fatty acids and fatty acid based compounds, however there are also other non-fatty acid based lipids. Density and viscosity of biodiesel from biosolid oil were determined and the results showed that these physico-chemical properties do not match the specification required for biodiesel. The results showed that sewage sludge from Samambaia treatment station (DF, Brazil) and Chlorella sp. cultivated under the conditions described in this work are not potential sources of fatty material for biodiesel production.

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“…The three main catalytic routes used to transform biomass into fuels and chemicals are gasification, pyrolysis and hydrolysis [33–36]. In this review article, we mainly focus on hydrolysis processes used to break the lignocellulose into its constituent parts, and hydrolysis-related processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in the development of solid catalysts for biomass conversion into high value-added chemicals

Hara

Nakajima

Kamata

2015

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

118

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In recent decades, the substitution of non-renewable fossil resources by renewable biomass as a sustainable feedstock has been extensively investigated for the manufacture of high value-added products such as biofuels, commodity chemicals, and new bio-based materials such as bioplastics. Numerous solid catalyst systems for the effective conversion of biomass feedstocks into value-added chemicals and fuels have been developed. Solid catalysts are classified into four main groups with respect to their structures and substrate activation properties: (a) micro- and mesoporous materials, (b) metal oxides, (c) supported metal catalysts, and (d) sulfonated polymers. This review article focuses on the activation of substrates and/or reagents on the basis of groups (a)–(d), and the corresponding reaction mechanisms. In addition, recent progress in chemocatalytic processes for the production of five industrially important products (5-hydroxymethylfurfural, lactic acid, glyceraldehyde, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, and furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid) as bio-based plastic monomers and their intermediates is comprehensively summarized.

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Hydrothermal gasification of sewage sludge and model compounds for renewable hydrogen production: A review

Cited by 237 publications

References 120 publications

Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam gasification of hydrochar derived from sewage sludge

Hydrogen-rich gas production by steam gasification of hydrochar derived from sewage sludge

Evaluating the Potential of Biodiesel Production through Microalgae Farming in Photobioreactor and High Rate Ponds from Wastewater Treatment

Recent progress in the development of solid catalysts for biomass conversion into high value-added chemicals

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