Hydrothermal Degradation of Rutin: Identification of Degradation Products and Kinetics Study

Abstract

The model glycoside compound quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) was subjected to subcritical water within the temperature range of 120-220 °C, and the hydrothermal degradation products were analyzed. Two kinetic models describing the degradation of this compound in two different atmospheres (N and CO), used for pressure establishment in the reactor, have been developed and compared. Reaction was considered a successive one with three irreversible steps. We confirmed that rutin degradation to quercetin follows first-order kinetics. At higher temperatures quercetin is further degraded in two degradation steps. Formations of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and catechol were described with the zero-order kinetic models. Reaction rate constants for hydrolysis of glycoside to aglycone in a CO atmosphere are higher compared to those in a N atmosphere, whereas at higher temperatures reaction rate constants for further two successive reactions of aglycone degradation are slightly lower in the presence of CO. The difference in reaction activation energies is practically negligible for both gases. Furthermore, degradation products of sugar moieties, that is, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 5-methylfurfural, were also detected and analyzed.

Simultaneous degradation of β‐cypermethrin and 3‐phenoxybenzoic acid by Eurotiumcristatum ET1, a novel “golden flower fungus” strain isolated from Fu Brick Tea

“…Two peaks with retention times of 2.660 min (Cpd 1) and 1.493 min (Cpd 2) were observed. On the basis of the precursor molecule and previous studies, we speculated that Cpd 1 with product ions detected at m / z of 168.8 corresponds to 3‐PBA after a carboxyl group [M‐COOH] − is lost, and Cpd 2 corresponds to catechol, by losing a H 2 O molecule [M‐H 2 O] − (Ravber et al., ; Rousis et al, ; Supporting Information Figure S6).…”

“…Kinetic parameters of β-CY and 3-PBA degradation by strain ET1 under different variables COOH] − is lost, and Cpd 2 corresponds to catechol, by losing a H 2 O molecule [M-H 2 O] −(Ravber et al., 2016;Rousis et al, 2016; Supporting Information …”

Enzyme‐assisted development of biofunctional polyphenol‐enriched buckwheat protein: physicochemical properties, in vitro digestibility, and antioxidant activity

“…These results could be due to degradation of rutin to quercetin, the glycoside bonded quercetin‐3‐ O ‐rutinoside (rutin) being transformed to its free aglycone form, quercetin by aglycone degradation. This may be caused by the rutin‐degrading enzymes found in buckwheat and a hydrothermal environment …”

“…This may be caused by the rutin-degrading enzymes found in buckwheat and a hydrothermal environment. 24 Although the buckwheat protein from typical isoelectric precipitate (I-BWP) and salt extract (S-BWP) methods had higher protein content (76.42 g/100 g and 66.49 g/100 g, respectively), much lower protein recovery (33.35% and 38.40%, respectively) was observed than for E-BWP, (57.93%), as shown in Fig. 3(a).…”

INFLUÊNCIA DO MÉTODO EXTRATIVO NO TEOR DE FLAVONOIDES DE Cnidoscolus quercifolius POHL (EUPHORBIACEAE) E ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE

“…[16][17][18] Além disso, por se tratar de um derivado glicosilado, é natural que a rutina seja mais facilmente extraída em temperaturas elevadas. 19 Contudo, também é sabido que o emprego de altas temperaturas pode levar à degradação desse composto, 20,21 o que torna necessário o desenvolvimento de novas metodologias de otimização do método extrativo a fim de selecionar as melhores condições de extração, sem que a substância seja degradada durante o processo extrativo.…”