Hydrothermal conversion of biomass to fuels and energetic materials

Kruse, Andrea; Funke, Axel; Titirici, Maria‐Magdalena

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.05.004

Cited by 441 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…It might be due to the reaction between steam and carbon, resulting in the carbon loss at higher treatment temperature and longer residence time [17]. According to Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Activation Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Carbonization and Activation Process on the Adsorption Capacity of Rice Husk Activated Carbon

Thai

Ly²,

Ho³

et al. 2017

JST

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In this study, rice husk was used as a precursor to prepare activated carbon using steam as a physical activation agent. Steam can be used to activate for almost all raw materials. This activation method was followed of the initial carbonization step. The study also investigated the effects of preparation parameters on the adsorption capacity of iodine (I) and methylene blue (MB). These parameters included the range of temperature and time in the carbonization and activation. The initial carbonization, done at temperatures up to 500°C in 60 min., was a highly exothermic process where the temperature was strictly controlled. The creation of the internal surface was done during the activation step with steam at temperatures 800 °C in 30 min., for which the BET (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) specific surface area was up to 710.8 m 2 /g. Besides, the I and MB adsorption capacity of the activated carbon were the best that reached 866.0 ± 6.5 and 217.9 ± 1.0 mg/g, respectively, while the I and MB adsorption capacity of carbonization step only reached 311.7 ± 3.4 and 28.7 ± 0.8 mg/g, respectively. The entire synthetic procedure was simple, environmental-friendly and economical-effectively. The application prospect of the activated carbon prepared in this work was much more promising due to its high adsorptive capacity.

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“…It might be due to the reaction between steam and carbon, resulting in the carbon loss at higher treatment temperature and longer residence time [17]. According to Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Activation Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Carbonization and Activation Process on the Adsorption Capacity of Rice Husk Activated Carbon

Thai

Ly²,

Ho³

et al. 2017

JST

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“…• Hydrothermal gasification (HTG) often referred to as supercritical water gasification (SCWG) (374-700 °C) →CH4 The reactor we describe here will operate primarily in the lower range of temperatures and pressure (180-280 °C, and under 5 MPa (50 atmospheres), in which processes of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) take place, converting wet biomass into a bituminous-coal like material (HTC coal) as well as water soluble aqueous coproducts useful as fertilizers, and gases (Berge, 2011;Kruse, 2013;Libra, 2011). HTC has attracted considerable attention for its potential for converting wet waste materials into a range of value added products and as a means of high efficiency carbon recovery without the process of drying required by traditional thermochemical processes (combustion, air gasification, pyrolisis).…”

Section: Hydrothermal Processes and Biomass Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE BGU/CERN Solar Hydrothermal Reactor

Garb¹,

Bertolucci²,

Bressan³

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the EuroSun 2014 Conference

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We describe a novel solar hydrothermal reactor (SHR) under development by Ben Gurion University (BGU) and the European Organization for Nuclear Research CERN. We describe in broad terms the several novel aspects of the device and, by extension, of the niche it occupies: in particular, enabling direct off-grid conversion of a range of organic feedstocks to sterile useable (solid, liquid) fuels, nutrients, products using only solar energy and water. We then provide a brief description of the high temperature high efficiency panels that provide process heat to the hydrothermal reactor, and review the basics of hydrothermal processes and conversion taking place in this. We conclude with a description of a simulation of the pilot system that will begin operation later this year.

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“…There are numerous technologies focused on efficient processing and carbonization of biomass, the most common ones are based either on gasification [4], or pyrolysis [30,31], or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) treatment [27][28][29] and focus mainly on the maximizing of the yield of gas and bio-oils [2][3][4]8,9,26], or the 'destruction' of problematic biomass [27][28][29]. Although promising (like gasification and HTC processes), they are unfortunately endothermal and still face operational difficulties associated particularly with the formation of soot and tar in the piping system that bring about the blockage of the installation and the necessity of an emergency shutdown [4,26].…”

Section: Carbonization Of the Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biomass for those technologies is usually processed in order to get rid of moisture and increase the process efficiency, and so far, many fuel pretreatment technologies have been investigated, mostly based on gasification, pyrolysis, or hydrothermal treatment as discussed in [2][3][4]7,[13][14][15]17,[27][28][29] among others. Although well managed in lab scale, those processes are quite expensive and thus still not very much profitable in commercial operation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonization of biomass – an efficient tool to decrease the emission of CO2

Kobyłecki¹,

Ścisłowska²,

Bis³

2013

Archives of Thermodynamics

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The paper presents the results and analysis of biomass processing in order to provide the conditions for the most profitable use of the biomass in modern and efficient power generation systems with particular attention put on the decrease of the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and no need to develop carbon capture and storage plants. The promising concept of CO2 storage via the production of biochar and the advantages of its application as a promising carbon sink is also presented and the results are supported by authors' own experimental data. The idea enables the production of electricity, as well as (optionally) heat and cold from the thermal treatment of biomass with simultaneous storage of the CO2 in a stable and environmentally-friendly way. The key part of the process is run in a specially-designed reactor where the biomass is heated up in the absence of oxygen. The evolved volatile matter is used to produce heat/cold and electricity while the remaining solid product (almost completely dry residue) is sequestrated in soil. The results indicate that in order to reduce the emission of CO2 the biomass should rather be 'cut and char' than just 'cut and burn', particularly that the charred biomass may also become a significant source of nutrients for the plants after sequestration in soil.

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Hydrothermal conversion of biomass to fuels and energetic materials

Cited by 441 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of the Carbonization and Activation Process on the Adsorption Capacity of Rice Husk Activated Carbon

Effect of the Carbonization and Activation Process on the Adsorption Capacity of Rice Husk Activated Carbon

THE BGU/CERN Solar Hydrothermal Reactor

Carbonization of biomass – an efficient tool to decrease the emission of CO2

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