Hydrothermal control, characterization, growth mechanism, and photoluminescence properties of highly crystalline 1D Eu(OH)₃ nanostructures

Abstract

Six types of 1D Eu(OH)3 nanostructures with typical morphologies, including short hexagonal prism, long hexagonal prism, coiling rod, short rod, long rod, and nanobunch, were synthesized via the hydrothermal route using EuCl3 and NaOH as materials.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Various Shape-Controlled Europium Hydroxides

“…The hexagonal prism Eu(OH) 3 crystals with a diameter of 8–10 μm and a length of 30–40 μm ( Figure 7 b) were obtained when the pH was changed to 9.15. Ji et al [ 29 ] obtained the short hexagonal nano-prism Eu(OH) 3 at 120 °C and pH 8.8 by adjusting it with a NaOH aqueous solution. When the precursor pH was increased from 8.8 to 9.5 at the same temperature, the hexagonal prisms became more slender and their aspect ratio changed from 1.1 to 2.1 [ 29 ].…”

“…Ji et al [ 29 ] obtained the short hexagonal nano-prism Eu(OH) 3 at 120 °C and pH 8.8 by adjusting it with a NaOH aqueous solution. When the precursor pH was increased from 8.8 to 9.5 at the same temperature, the hexagonal prisms became more slender and their aspect ratio changed from 1.1 to 2.1 [ 29 ]. Thus, smaller and shorter hexagonal prisms could be synthesized at a lower temperature when ammonia was replaced by NaOH.…”

Impact of Co-Doping on the Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Activities of Eu(OH)3

“…98−020−0488). Peaks at approximately 2θ = 16.10°, 28.08°, 29.58°, 32.58°, and 41.04°correspond to the (010), (110), (011), (020), and (021) planes, respectively, which is in agreement with the literature., 18,20,37 There are no other peaks found in Eu(OH) 3 , 1%, 5%, and 10% Co−Eu(OH) 3 NRs suggesting that Co 2+ ions were successfully incorporated into the lattice and the synthesized Eu(OH) 3 NRs were in the pure hexagonal form.…”

“…The band present at ∼645 cm −1 is due to the band vibration of Eu−O−H. 20 As the Co doping level increases, the intensity decreases. This might be due to the successful incorporation of Co 2+ or substitution of Eu 3+ with Co 2+ .…”

“…Furthermore, europium­(III) hydroxide (Eu­(OH) 3 ) is very significant as it has good electrical, optical, catalytic, and chemical characteristics resulting from electron transitions inside the 4 f shell. − Many investigations have been conducted to synthesize Eu­(OH) 3 . For example, Wei et al reported that Eu­(OH) 3 was synthesized using a hydrothermal method at 150 °C for 60 min .…”