Hydrophilic properties of aged soot

Zuberi, B.; Johnson, Kathleen R.; Aleks, Gretchen K.; Molina, Luisa T.; Molina, Mario J.; Laskin, Alexander

doi:10.1029/2004gl021496

Cited by 174 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The soot aggregated particles are mainly observed with chain like shapes due to drier atmosphere in summer and it becomes cluster soot aggregated in monsoon season (Weingartner et al, 1997). Moreover, soot particles adsorb gaseous species and water vapor (Zuberi et al, 2005;Adachi et al, 2008), enhance the production of secondary species such as sulfate and nitrate via catalyzing heterogeneous reactions on their surface (Cofer et al, 1984;Wang et al, 2010). These processes modify the size, shape, mixture state and suspension time of particles and their ability to absorb and scatter radiative energy in the air (Jacobson et al, 2001;Shi et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008) and can also indirectly affect hydrological cycles (Jacobson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Morphological Changes In Pm With Different Seasons and Meteomentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Surface Morphology, Elemental Composition and Origin of Atmospheric Aerosols (PM2.5 and PM10) over Agra, India

Pipal

Jan

Satsangi

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

105

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In situ measurements of PM (PM 2.5 and PM 10 ) particles were carried out using a medium volume air sampler (offline) and particle number concentrations of PM were measured by a Grimm aerosol spectrophotometer (online) during the study period of 2010-2011. The morphology and elemental composition analyses of PM were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS), respectively. The average mass concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were 97.2 and 242.6 µg/m 3 at roadside (RD) and 121.2 and 230.5 µg/m 3 at a semirural (SR) site, respectively. These concentrations were substantially higher than the NAAQS, WHO and USEPA standards. The highest mass and number concentrations of PM 2.5 and PM 10 were observed during winter, followed by those during the post-monsoon period and summer, with the lowest in the monsoon period. SEM and EDS analysis of PM indicated the presence of soot, mineral, tarballs, fly ash, aluminosilicates/silica, fluorine, carbon rich, and Cl-Na rich particles. Of these particles, soot, tarballs, and F-C rich particles dominate in PM 2.5 , whereas mineral, aluminosilicates, and Cl-Na rich particles dominate in PM 10 . The morphology and elemental composition of the particles varied over the seasons due to atmospheric processing. The highest carbon concentration (56%) was observed in PM 2.5 during summer at the RD, while in the monsoon, postmonsoon period and winter the carbon concentration was ~9% lower at the RD as compared to the SR. However, the concentration of carbon in PM 10 was ~38% higher at the RD as compared to SR during both summer and winter. Air mass backward trajectory cluster analysis was performed, and the results indicate that the aerosol loadings over Agra are mainly transported from the Middle East and Arabian Sea during the summer and monsoon period, while during the pre-monsoon period and winter the aerosol loadings came from the northern region, and were due to the burning of biomass and coal, as well as other local activities.

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Section: Morphological Changes In Pm With Different Seasons and Meteomentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Surface Morphology, Elemental Composition and Origin of Atmospheric Aerosols (PM2.5 and PM10) over Agra, India

Pipal

Jan

Satsangi

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ageing of these particles in the atmosphere enhances their water uptake (e.g. Moteki et al, 2004;Riemer et al, 2004;Zuberi et al, 2005) and alters their light scattering and absorption properties (e.g. Jacobson, 2000;Sokolik et al, 2001;Schnaiter et al, 2005).…”

Section: Hygroscopic Growth Of the Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SALSA – a Sectional Aerosol module for Large Scale Applications

et al. 2008

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Abstract. The sectional aerosol module SALSA is introduced. The model has been designed to be implemented in large scale climate models, which require both accuracy and computational efficiency. We have used multiple methods to reduce the computational burden of different aerosol processes to optimize the model performance without losing physical features relevant to problematics of climate importance. The optimizations include limiting the chemical compounds and physical processes available in different size sections of aerosol particles; division of the size distribution into size sections using size sections of variable width depending on the sensitivity of microphysical processing to the particles sizes; the total amount of size sections to describe the size distribution is kept to the minimum; furthermore, only the relevant microphysical processes affecting each size section are calculated. The ability of the module to describe different microphysical processes was evaluated against explicit microphysical models and several microphysical models used in air quality models. The results from the current module show good consistency when compared to more explicit models. Also, the module was used to simulate a new particle formation event typical in highly polluted conditions with comparable results to more explicit model setup.

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“…The internal mixing of soot with sulphate (as well with hygroscopic OC and nitrate) particles strengthens soot's light absorption properties, increasing the direct radiative forcing Schnaiter et al, 2005). However, the total effect of soot on radiation balance of the Earth is still difficult to estimate accurately because the aging of soot decreases its poorly known surface area (see van Poppel et al, 2005 based on 3-dimensional TEM images), shortens its residence time in the atmosphere due to more efficient wet deposition and enables soot to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) (Liu et al, 2005;Zuberi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Soot Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in background aerosol composition in Finland during polluted and clean periods studied by TEM/EDX individual particle analysis

Niemi

Saarikoski

Tervahattu³

et al. 2006

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract.Aerosol samples were collected at a rural background site in southern Finland in May 2004 during pollution episode (PM 1 ∼16 µg m −3 , backward air mass trajectories from south-east), intermediate period (PM 1 ∼5 µg m −3 , backtrajectories from north-east) and clean period (PM 1 ∼2 µg m −3 , backtrajectories from northwest/north). The elemental composition, morphology and mixing state of individual aerosol particles in three size fractions were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalyses. The TEM/EDX results were complemented with the size-segregated bulk chemical measurements of selected ions and organic and elemental carbon. Many of the particles in PM 0.2−1 and PM 1−3.3 size fractions were strongly internally mixed with S, C and/or N. The major particle types in PM 0.2−1 samples were 1) soot and 2) (ammonium)sulphates and their mixtures with variable amounts of C, K, soot and/or other inclusions. Number proportions of those two particle groups in PM 0.2−1 samples were 0-12% and 83-97%, respectively. During the pollution episode, the proportion of Ca-rich particles was very high (26-48%) in the PM 1−3.3 and PM 3.3−11 samples, while the PM 0.2−1 and PM 1−3.3 samples contained elevated proportions of silicates (22-33%), metal oxides/hydroxides (1-9%) and tar balls (1-4%). These aerosols originated mainly from polluted areas of Eastern Europe, and some open biomass burning smoke was also brought by long-range transport. During the clean period, when air masses arrived from the Arctic Ocean, PM 1−3.3 samples contained mainly sea salt particles (67-89%) with a variable rate of Cl substitution (mainly by NO porous (sponge-like) Na-rich particles (35%) with abundant S, K and O. They might originate from the burning of wood pulp wastes of paper industry. The proportion of biological particles and C-rich fragments (probably also biological origin) were highest in the PM 3.3−11 samples (0-81% and 0-22%, respectively). The origin of different particle types and the effect of aging processes on particle composition and their hygroscopic and optical properties are discussed.

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Hydrophilic properties of aged soot

Cited by 174 publications

References 39 publications

Study of Surface Morphology, Elemental Composition and Origin of Atmospheric Aerosols (PM2.5 and PM10) over Agra, India

Study of Surface Morphology, Elemental Composition and Origin of Atmospheric Aerosols (PM2.5 and PM10) over Agra, India

SALSA – a Sectional Aerosol module for Large Scale Applications

Changes in background aerosol composition in Finland during polluted and clean periods studied by TEM/EDX individual particle analysis

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