Hydrology and chemistry of groundwater and seasonal ponds in the Atlantic Coastal Plain in Delaware, USA

Phillips, Patrick J.; Shedlock, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(93)90048-e

Cited by 63 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The shortened (minutes to hours), duration of SHC events observed between late spring and late fall in 2015 reflects a seasonal shift in the drivers of SHC. These shortened SHC events coincided with the seasonal peaks in transpiration, during which Delmarva bays typically lack surface water (Fisher et al, ; Phillips & Shedlock, ), and generally represented ephemeral surface water levels in temporary streams following rain events. Over the study year, recent rainfall amounts, as indicated by 5‐day antecedent rainfall totals, were significantly higher on days when a SHC occurred compared to non‐SHC days, indicating that antecedent conditions and local fill‐spill dynamics also influence wetland‐stream connectivity in Delmarva bays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Landscape metrics as predictors of hydrologic connectivity between Coastal Plain forested wetlands and streams

Epting

Hosen

Alexander

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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Geographically isolated wetlands, those entirely surrounded by uplands, provide numerous landscape‐scale ecological functions, many of which are dependent on the degree to which they are hydrologically connected to nearby waters. There is a growing need for field‐validated, landscape‐scale approaches for classifying wetlands on the basis of their expected degree of hydrologic connectivity with stream networks. This study quantified seasonal variability in surface hydrologic connectivity (SHC) patterns between forested Delmarva bay wetland complexes and perennial/intermittent streams at 23 sites over a full‐water year (2014–2015). Field data were used to develop metrics to predict SHC using hypothesized landscape drivers of connectivity duration and timing. Connection duration was most strongly related to the number and area of wetlands within wetland complexes as well as the channel width of the temporary stream connecting the wetland complex to a perennial/intermittent stream. Timing of SHC onset was related to the topographic wetness index and drainage density within the catchment. Stepwise regression modelling found that landscape metrics could be used to predict SHC duration as a function of wetland complex catchment area, wetland area, wetland number, and soil available water storage (adj‐R 2 = 0.74, p < .0001). Results may be applicable to assessments of forested depressional wetlands elsewhere in the U.S. Mid‐Atlantic and Southeastern Coastal Plain, where climate, landscapes, and hydrological inputs and losses are expected to be similar to the study area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Landscape metrics as predictors of hydrologic connectivity between Coastal Plain forested wetlands and streams

Epting

Hosen

Alexander

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…The direction of the bay-groundwater flow depended on the relative elevations of the bay and groundwater but a net loss of bay water to groundwater was dominant. A similar seasonal shift in the direction of surfacewater-groundwater exchange was found in a study of the hydrochemistry of a series of bay-like seasonal forest ponds on the Delaware coastal plain (Phillips and Shedlock 1993). During wet winter and spring seasons, transient mounds in shallow groundwater develop adjacent to the ponds and groundwater flowed to the ponds.…”

Section: Groundwater Influencesmentioning

confidence: 74%

A review of basin morphology and pool hydrology of isolated ponded wetlands: implications for seasonal forest pools of the northeastern United States

Brooks

2005

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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Seasonal forest pools (SFPs) are geographically-and hydrologically-isolated ponded wetlands, in that they are topographically isolated from other surface waters. SFPs occur commonly throughout the temperate forests of the eastern United States and adjacent Canada. SFPs are ephemeral in occurrence, typically drying annually. The regular drying of SFPs excludes fish from these habitats, and as a result, they are the preferred breeding habitat of some amphibians, notably ambystomid ('mole') salamanders and wood frogs (Rana sylvatica Le Conte). The pools also support a rich and diverse invertebrate fauna. The duration of the wet phase, or hydroperiod of SFPs, has been repeatedly shown to be the dominant influence on the composition and fitness of the faunal community of the pools. Despite the importance of SFP hydrology, it is a poorly studied subject. This paper reviews the limited state-of-knowledge of seasonal forest pool hydrology and associated basin morphology. The review discusses findings from studies of other isolated ponded wetlands that could be applicable to our understanding of the hydrology of SFPs.

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“…'Flow reversals', a situation where the vertical direction of pore-water movement changes episodically or seasonally, have been well documented in many peatland types and settings (e.g. Siegel et al, 1995;Devito et al, 1997;McKenzie et al, 2001) and also in non-peatland settings (Phillips and Shedlock, 1993;Rosenberry and Winter, 1997). Horizontal flow in domed bogs is primarily radial in nature, moving away from the crest of the bog (Figure 1b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Heat transport in the Red Lake Bog, Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands

McKenzie

Siegel

Rosenberry

et al. 2006

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:We report the results of an investigation on the processes controlling heat transport in peat under a large bog in the Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands. For 2 years, starting in July 1998, we recorded temperature at 12 depth intervals from 0 to 400 cm within a vertical peat profile at the crest of the bog at sub-daily intervals. We also recorded air temperature 1 m above the peat surface. We calculate a peat thermal conductivity of 0Ð5 W m 1°C 1 and model vertical heat transport through the peat using the SUTRA model. The model was calibrated to the first year of data, and then evaluated against the second year of collected heat data. The model results suggest that advective pore-water flow is not necessary to transport heat within the peat profile and most of the heat is transferred by thermal conduction alone in these waterlogged soils. In the spring season, a zero-curtain effect controls the transport of heat through shallow depths of the peat. Changes in local climate and the resulting changes in thermal transport still may cause non-linear feedbacks in methane emissions related to the generation of methane deeper within the peat profile as regional temperatures increase.

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Hydrology and chemistry of groundwater and seasonal ponds in the Atlantic Coastal Plain in Delaware, USA

Cited by 63 publications

References 6 publications

Landscape metrics as predictors of hydrologic connectivity between Coastal Plain forested wetlands and streams

Landscape metrics as predictors of hydrologic connectivity between Coastal Plain forested wetlands and streams

A review of basin morphology and pool hydrology of isolated ponded wetlands: implications for seasonal forest pools of the northeastern United States

Heat transport in the Red Lake Bog, Glacial Lake Agassiz Peatlands

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