Hydrogeochemical changes during artificial groundwater well recharge

Li, Ningfei; Lyu, Hang; Xu, Guigui; Chi, Guangyao; Su, Xiaosi

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165778

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…When rainwater percolates through the soil during artificial recharge, pollutants are naturally filtered away, and it is usually devoid of the toxins commonly present in surface water. Thus, these approaches provide a dual advantage by raising the amount of accessible groundwater and improving its overall quality [149,151]. Note: Hence, the average groundwater recharge value is calculated as 121.96 mm yr −1 from the surveyed publications.…”

Section: Groundwater Recharge Optionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Depletion and Degradation in the North China Plain: Challenges and Mitigation Options

Du,

Laghari,

Wei

et al. 2024

Water

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Groundwater is an important natural resource in the North China Plain (NCP) with high economic benefits and social significance. It fulfills 60% of drinking and 70% of irrigation water requirements. In this review, the information is retrieved from high-quality articles published in MEDLINE and other sources. We saw that groundwater is declining faster (>1 m yr−1) and polluting with NO3− (>30 mg L−1) due to excessive water pumping and application of a nitrogen (N) fertilizer, respectively. The water pumping (>600 mm ha−1 yr−1) for agricultural purposes in the region is higher than the recharge amount (<200 mm yr−1). The low recharge is the result of low rainfall (<600 mm yr−1), and high evapotranspiration (>800 mm yr−1) under the impact of dominant vegetative characteristics of winter wheat–summer maize (WW-SM) rotations, covering >80% of the land. Furthermore, N application exceeds the crop assimilation capacity (>250 kg ha−1 yr−1) and leach deep down (>50 kg ha−1) as well as loss in the atmosphere. Presently, Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei are ecologically the most affected areas. We suggest that excessive water and N fertilizer use for intensive cropping systems should be controlled by paying high attention to groundwater-friendly farming practices. In addition, artificial groundwater recharge options and their safe utilization would be explored across the region to replenish aquifers. This literature review contributes valuable insights to the knowledge bank and offers a foundation for further research and policy development.

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Section: Groundwater Recharge Optionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Depletion and Degradation in the North China Plain: Challenges and Mitigation Options

Du,

Laghari,

Wei

et al. 2024

Water

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“…Groundwater quality has posed significant social, economic, environmental, and production risks in many regions worldwide [1,2]. The sustainable management of groundwater has become an important challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Total hardness was calculated from calcium carbonate 2. Nitrate concentration was calculated as nitrogen.Sustainability 2023, 15, 14477 6 of 18…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality Assessment Based on the Random Forest Water Quality Index—Taking Karamay City as an Example

Xiong,

Zhang,

Sun

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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In the past few decades, global industrial development and population growth have led to a scarcity of water resources, making sustainable management of groundwater a global challenge. The Water Quality Index (WQI) serves as a comprehensive method for assessing water quality and can provide valuable recommendations at the water quality level, optimizing policies for groundwater management. However, the subjectivity and uncertainty of the traditional WQI have negative impacts on evaluation outcomes, particularly in determining indicator weights and selecting aggregation functions. The proposed water quality index for groundwater based on the random forest (RFWQI) model in this study addresses these issues. It selects water quality indicators based on the actual pollution situation in the study area, employs an advanced random forest model to rank water quality indicators, determines indicator weights using the rank centroid method, scores the indicators using a sub-index function designed for groundwater development, and compares the results of two commonly used aggregation functions to identify the optimal one. Based on the aggregated scores, the water quality at 137 monitoring sites is classified into five levels: “Excellent”, “Good”, “Medium”, “Poor”, or “Unacceptable”. Among the 11 water quality indicators (sodium, sulfate, chloride, bicarbonate, total dissolved solids, fluoride, boron, nitrate, pH, CODMn, and hardness), chloride was given the highest weight (0.236), followed by total dissolved solids (0.156), and sodium was given the lowest weight (0.008). The random forest model exhibits a good prediction capability before hyperparameter tuning (86% accuracy, RMSE of 0.378), and after grid search and five-fold cross-validation, the optimal hyperparameter combination is determined, further improving the performance of the random forest model (94% accuracy, F1-Score of 0.967, AUC of 0.91, RMSE of 0.232). For the newly developed groundwater sub-index function, interpolation is used to score each indicator, and after comparing two aggregation functions, the NSF aggregation function is selected as the most suitable for groundwater assessment. Overall, most of the groundwater in the study area was of poor quality (52.5% of low quality) and not suitable for drinking.

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Areal artificial recharge has changed the interactions between surface water and groundwater

Jin,

Tang,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Journal of Hydrology

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Hydrogeochemical changes during artificial groundwater well recharge

Cited by 5 publications

References 66 publications

Groundwater Depletion and Degradation in the North China Plain: Challenges and Mitigation Options

Groundwater Depletion and Degradation in the North China Plain: Challenges and Mitigation Options

Groundwater Quality Assessment Based on the Random Forest Water Quality Index—Taking Karamay City as an Example

Areal artificial recharge has changed the interactions between surface water and groundwater

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