Hydrogenation of natural oils with platinum metal group catalysts

Abstract

Studies in the hydrogenation of natural oils with catalysts of the platinum metals group have been limited mainly to platinum and palladium with only scant attention to rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium. This preference was dictated largely by economics, palladium being the only noble metal catalyst truly competitive on a usecoat basis with nickel in the hydrogenation of low-priced oils. This paper discusses the noble metal catalysts as a group, points out similarities and differences among the metals relevant to the hydrogenation of natural oils, and describes some of the practical applications of catalysis by palladium.

The electrochemical hydrogenation of edible oils in a solid polymer electrolyte reactor. I. Reactor design and operation

“…The electrochemical performance of the SPE reactor was good, with oil hydrogenation CE in the range of 40 to 65%. In almost all experiments, a Pd-black cathode gave higher CE, as would be expected because its catalytic activity is higher than that of Pt (18,19), i.e., when the reaction of H and oil on the catalyst surface was fast, the surface concentration of atomic hydrogen remained low, thus minimizing the hydrogen gas evolution reaction. Although oil hydrogenation CE in our previous studies with a Raney nickel powder cathode were higher than those in the present study (as high as 80 to 100%), the current density was one order of magnitude lower than that employed with the SPE reactor.…”

“…The high saturated fat (C 18:0 ) content in the SPE hydro-oils was attributed to the use of Pt and Pd cathode catalysts. The difference in selectivity between a Pt and Pd cathode was in good agreement with our general understanding of hydrogenation selectivity as a function of catalyst type (18,19). To interpret and compare the fatty acid profiles in Tables 1 and 2, the linolenate, linoleate, and oleate selectivities (denoted as SLn, SLo, and So, respectively) were computed.…”

Hydrogenation of soybean oil over various platinum catalysts: Effects of support materials on trans fatty acid levels

“…Several researchers have reported the effects of the support on the levels of TFA in hydrogenated oils. In most cases, different support characteristics have little to significant effect on the TFA levels [22][23][24]. However, Nohair et al reported that Pd/MgO, Pd/ZnO, Pd/CeO 2 , and Pd/CeZrO 2 produced higher levels of TFA than Pd/TiO 2 and Pd/SiO 2 , although these differences could not be directly related to the physical and chemical properties of the support materials, such as their acid-base properties and specific surface areas [25].…”

Kinetic peculiarities of cis/trans methyl oleate formation during hydrogenation of methyl linoleate over Pd/MgO

“…The catalysts used in the industrial hydrogenation process are supported catalysts [7,8] based on nickel [9][10][11], copper [12], noble metals [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Palladium catalyst was suggested to be more selective than Ni system if the process of hydrogenation proceeds at low temperature and strict control of catalyst texture and hydrogen pressure [19,20].…”