Hydrogen purification with palladium and palladium alloys on porous stainless steel membranes

Optimization and characterization of electroless co-deposited PdRu membranes: Effect of the plating variables on morphology

“…An activation energy of 14.3 kJ mol −1 was estimated by the Arrhenius plot. The activation energy obtained for the PdRu membrane was similar to other Pd [41,42] and PdAg [22,[43][44][45] membranes reported in the literature. Previous publications [8,10] reported higher PdRu membrane permeabilities compared with the PdRu membrane synthesized in this work (6.5 × 10 −9 mol m −1 s −1 Pa −0.5 ).…”

“…The synthesis of the PdAg alloy has been widely studied in the Pd-alloy membrane area. This alloy has been synthesized by sequential [15][16][17][18][19] and simultaneous [20][21][22][23][24] deposition using the electroless plating technique. Different annealing strategies have been used for both routes of deposition in order to obtain homogeneous composition alloys.…”

Sustainable H2 generation via steam reforming of biogas in membrane reactors: H2S effects on membrane performance and catalytic activity

“…The apparent activation energy (EA) was graphically estimated at 50 kPa of transmembrane pressure from the plot of Figure 5(b), which gives 12.1 kJ/mol with the correlation coefficient R 2 ~ 0.97, hence comparable to other literature data [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68], Table 3.…”

“…This was also recently confirmed by Yin et al [60], who carried out the SRB in a CR at 973 K, 120 kPa, and 3/1 as feed molar ratio, observing the CH4 conversion decrease from 85% (in the case of a model H2S free biogas stream supplying) to around 20% (using a model H2S containing biogas stream), Table 6. In addition, Papurello et al [64] observed lower catalytic performance during SRB in a CR exercised at 1073 K, 100 kPa and stoichiometric feed ratio owing to the negative effect of H2S present in the model biogas feed stream, registering the depletion of CH4 conversion from 99 to 22%.…”

High-Throughput Characterization of Surface Segregation in CuxPd1–x Alloys

“…As an example, Pd alloys have been studied extensively as membranes for separation of hydrogen from mixed gas streams such as those encountered in coal and biomass gasification processes. − In this application, molecular hydrogen dissociatively adsorbs on the membrane surface, producing hydrogen atoms that penetrate and diffuse through the bulk of the membrane. Recombination and desorption of molecular hydrogen on the opposite surface of the membrane results in hydrogen separation with nearly perfect selectivity. − In this sequence of elementary steps, the bulk alloy composition controls the rate of diffusion through the membrane, but the surface composition ,which differs from bulk composition, determines rate of dissociative hydrogen adsorption. − …”