Hydrogen Production Using a Molybdenum Sulfide Catalyst on a Titanium‐Protected n<sup>+</sup>p‐Silicon Photocathode

Seger, Brian; Laursen, Anders B.; Vesborg, Peter Christian Kjærgaard; Pedersen, Thomas; Hansen, Ole; Dahl, Søren; Chorkendorff, Ib

doi:10.1002/anie.201203585

Cited by 293 publications

(236 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…• Cteated sample does not show consistent trend due to the incomplete conversion of structural conversion from precursors as well as the presence of pronounced to WS x O y and WO 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These oxides are formed due to the presence of unavoidable trace amount of oxygen in the system, which may react with (NH 4 ) 2 WS 4 precursor and yield WO 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Accordingly, scientists are eagerly seeking for an electrocatalyst that could act as an alternative to the most electrochemically active but expensive platinum metal. [2][3][4] Tungsten disulfide, WS 2 , a member of the semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide family, has drawn considerable attention due to its semiconducting nature and electrocatalytic activities. [5][6][7][8] Nevertheless, very few studies have been conducted on WS 2 regarding to HER up to date.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS₂Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Alsabban

Min

Hedhili

et al. 2016

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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Seeking more economical alternative electrocatalysts without sacrificing much in performance to replace precious metal Pt is one of the major research topics in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). Tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) has been recognized as a promising substitute for Pt owing to its high efficiency and low-cost. Since most existing works adopt solution-synthesized WS 2 crystallites for HER, direct growth of WS 2 layered materials on conducting substrates should offer new opportunities. The future economy requires the production of clean energy to replace fossil fuels. Hydrogen is considered as one of the promising future options as a pollution-free energy carrier. Practically, electrocatalytic water splitting has gained attention for sustainable hydrogen production.1 Accordingly, scientists are eagerly seeking for an electrocatalyst that could act as an alternative to the most electrochemically active but expensive platinum metal.2-4 Tungsten disulfide, WS 2 , a member of the semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenide family, has drawn considerable attention due to its semiconducting nature and electrocatalytic activities. [5][6][7][8] Nevertheless, very few studies have been conducted on WS 2 regarding to HER up to date. 5,9-11 The systematic studies of layered WS 2 materials for HER are still not available. 1 Herein, we report our preparation of layered WS 2 electrocatalysts for highly efficient hydrogen production reaction.We have performed the growth of WS 2 by the thermolysis of ammonium tetrathiotungstate (NH 4 ) 2 WS 4 on conducting carbon cloth (CC) substrates under different gaseous environments. As CC is conducting with a high surface area, it is an ideal substrate for loading the WS 2 materials.1 The influence of environmental gas on the electrochemical activity of the obtained WS 2 catalysts were studied. H 2 S was found to give the WS 2 electrocatalysts with superior performance for the hydrogen production with a current density of 10 mA cm −2 at a low overpotential of 184 mV. Materials and MethodsMaterials.-All chemicals including sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and ammonium tetrathiotungstate (NH 4 ) 2 WS 4 were purchased from commercial sources and used without further purification. Water used was purified through a Millipore system. Preparation of WS 2 .-The precursor, ammonium tetrathiotungstate solution ((NH 4 ) 2 WS 4 (Alfa Aesa 99.9%) in 5.0 wt% in DMF (dimethylformamide)), was casted on CC substrates (W0S1002 * Electrochemical Society Member.z E-mail: hkw@kaust.edu.sa from CeTech) with a loading amount of 1 mg/cm 2 (Scheme 1). The drop-casted conducting carbon cloth substrate was then baked on a hot plate at 160• C for 20 min. Subsequently, it was fed into the tube furnace for thermolysis process under atmospheric pressure (AP) at varied temperatures and in different gaseous environments, including H 2 S and Ar (10 and 90 sccm respectively), H 2 and Ar (10 and 90 sccm respectively), and pure Ar (100 sccm). In order to exclude oxygen species from the system, tube furnace was pumped and p...

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“…• Cteated sample does not show consistent trend due to the incomplete conversion of structural conversion from precursors as well as the presence of pronounced to WS x O y and WO 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…These oxides are formed due to the presence of unavoidable trace amount of oxygen in the system, which may react with (NH 4 ) 2 WS 4 precursor and yield WO 3 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS₂Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Alsabban

Min

Hedhili

et al. 2016

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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“…19,23-25 (3) lowering the reaction overpotential and improving the heterogeneous reaction kinetics by attaching catalysts to the surface of the anode and/or cathode; [26][27][28] (4) application of a surface dipole layer on the semiconductor to shi the relative positions of the valence and conduction bands relative to the HER and OER reactions in the electrolyte;…”

Section: 8mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work by Seger et al 28 and others [53][54][55] has shown that higher charge-collection efficiency in photovoltaics can be achieved with single crystal semiconductors compared to polycrystalline material due to reduced recombination as a result of fewer grain boundaries and surface defects. This nding extends to PEC water-splitting, which also involves the separation of photogenerated charges in semiconductors under illumination.…”

Section: Passivation Layer Suppression Of Surface Recombination and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting performance of semiconductors by surface passivation layers

Zheng

Spurgeon

et al. 2014

Energy Environ. Sci.

533

429

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An important approach for solving the world's sustainable energy challenges is the conversion of solar energy to chemical fuels. Semiconductors can be used to convert/store solar energy to chemical bonds in an energy-dense fuel. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting cells, with semiconductor electrodes, use sunlight and water to generate hydrogen. Herein, recent studies on improving the efficiency of semiconductor-based solar water-splitting devices by the introduction of surface passivation layers are reviewed. We show that passivation layers have been used as an effective strategy to improve the charge-separation and transfer processes across semiconductor-liquid interfaces, and thereby increase overall solar energy conversion efficiencies. We also summarize the demonstrated passivation effects brought by these thin layers, which include reducing charge recombination at surface states, increasing the reaction kinetics, and protecting the semiconductor from chemical corrosion.These benefits of passivation layers play a crucial role in achieving highly efficient water-splitting devices in the near future. Broader contextSemiconductor interface is one of the most important components/regions in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting devices. The serious surface charge recombination, slow charge transfer kinetics and the poor photoelectrochemical stability are the three main challenges for the practical PEC water splitting devices. Recently, the studies of constructing passivation layer onto the semiconductor to address these challenges have attracted increasing research attentions, due to the potential application of solar to chemical energy conversion. When these layers incorporated onto semiconductor surface, signicant changes of the interface would be found including charge transfer improvement, surface charge recombination, and chemical corrosion, etc. Although various strategies have been suggested for this surface modication, a synergetic effect must be achieved on an advanced photoelectrodes accounting for the improved solar-tohydrogen efficiencies. This review will shed light on the recent PEC water splitting work surface state passivation, corrosion retardation and charge transfer improvement in this passivation layer.

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Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis and Photoelectrochemical System

Sim

Jin

et al. 2015

Handbook of Clean Energy Systems

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Hydrogen energy has been drawing much attention in renewable energy technologies. Hydrogen production by water splitting reaction has especially been widely studied as an environmentally friendly and sustainable energy source. Realization of cost‐effective hydrogen production by water splitting requires electrolysis or photoelectrochemical cells decorated with highly efficient cocatalysts. Here, we briefly summarize the theory of water splitting reaction and discuss various types of catalysts for water splitting reaction (hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction). Principles of photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution from light absorbing semiconductors will be described.

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Hydrogen Production Using a Molybdenum Sulfide Catalyst on a Titanium‐Protected n⁺p‐Silicon Photocathode

Cited by 293 publications

References 18 publications

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS₂Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS₂Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting performance of semiconductors by surface passivation layers

Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis and Photoelectrochemical System

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Hydrogen Production Using a Molybdenum Sulfide Catalyst on a Titanium‐Protected n+p‐Silicon Photocathode

Cited by 293 publications

References 18 publications

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS2Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS2Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water-splitting performance of semiconductors by surface passivation layers

Hydrogen Production by Electrolysis and Photoelectrochemical System

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Product

Resources

About

Hydrogen Production Using a Molybdenum Sulfide Catalyst on a Titanium‐Protected n⁺p‐Silicon Photocathode

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS₂Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction

Editors' Choice—Growth of Layered WS₂Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient Hydrogen Production Reaction