Hydrogen Peroxide as a High Energy Compound Optimal for Propulsive Applications

Rarata, Grzegorz; Rokicka, Karolina; Surmacz, Paweł

doi:10.22211/cejem/65005

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…However, concentrated hydrogen peroxide (50–60% w/w) forms a highly explosive and potent mixture with common powdered kitchen materials used as fuels, such as coffee, tea, flour, or spices. These materials may be considered as analogues of well-known, powerful liquid or gel explosives containing H 2 O 2 and alcohols (e.g., glycerol, glycol, methanol) 30 , 31 . Such mixtures are known as HPOM (hydrogen peroxide-organic matter) systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic analytical aspects of homemade explosives containing grocery powders and hydrogen peroxide

Otłowski,

Zalas,

Gierczyk

2024

Sci Rep

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Homemade explosives become a significant challenge for forensic scientists and investigators. In addition to well-known materials such as acetone peroxide trimer, black powder, or lead azides, perpetrators often produce more exotic and less recognized Homemade Explosives (HMEs). Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide with liquid fuels are widely acknowledged as powerful explosives. Interestingly, similar explosive properties are found in mixtures of numerous solid materials with H2O2. Notably, powdered groceries, such as coffee, tea, grounded spices, and flour, are particularly interesting to pyrotechnics enthusiasts due to their easy production using accessible precursors, which do not attract the attention of security agencies. H2O2-based HMEs may become a dangerous component of improvised explosive devices for terrorists and ordinary offenders. For the four most powerful mixtures—HMEs based on coffee, tea, paprika, and turmeric—molecular markers useful for identification using the GC–MS technique have been proposed. Furthermore, the observed time-dependent changes in mixtures of H2O2 with these food products were studied and evaluated as a potential method for assessing the age of the evidence and reconstructing timelines of crimes. The paper also discusses the usefulness of FT-IR spectroscopy for identifying H2O2-based HMEs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic analytical aspects of homemade explosives containing grocery powders and hydrogen peroxide

Otłowski,

Zalas,

Gierczyk

2024

Sci Rep

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“…Hydrogen peroxide was one of the first propellants used in satellite propulsion [1]. Soon, the space race triggered the need for the development of higher-impulse propellants, without awareness of their environmental impact [2]. Consequently, this gave rise to the advancement of propellants, such as hydrazine and its derivatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration on Manganese Oxide and Platinum Catalyst Bed Performance

2023

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This study investigates the use of MnxOy/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 catalysts for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in thrusters. It describes the purpose, procedures, performance, and conclusions coming from the test campaign of the catalyst lifetimes. In particular, eight different propellant samples with two different catalysts were tested twice (in order to exclude uncertainty). Similar operating and starting conditions were applied. All hot tests were performed in a thruster-like catalyst bed configuration with a propellant injector and outlet nozzle. Each bed was filled with the same mass of catalyst (for the same type of catalyst). The results show that platinum is a more effective catalyst than manganese oxides for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. The findings have important implications for the development of catalysts for “green” propellants.

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“…Focus is given to high concentrations of this oxidizer. Numerous advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer, as in the case of all technical solutions, are discussed in [27][28][29]. The importance of this field of development is due to the fact that such systems cannot be excluded from consideration for various types of space vehicles since new grades of hydrogen peroxide have very high purity and concentration, which makes them feasible for consideration even for long-duration in-space missions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Green Storable Hybrid Rocket Propulsion Technology Using 98% Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizer

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the development of indigenous hybrid rocket technology, using 98% hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer. Consecutive steps are presented, which started with interest in hydrogen peroxide and the development of technology to obtain High Test Peroxide, finally allowing concentrations of up to 99.99% to be obtained in-house. Hydrogen peroxide of 98% concentration (mass-wise) was selected as the workhorse for further space propulsion and space transportation developments. Over the course nearly 10 years of the technology’s evolution, the Lukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Aviation completed hundreds of subscale hybrid rocket motor and component tests. In 2017, the Institute presented the first vehicle in the world to have demonstrated in-flight utilization for 98% hydrogen peroxide. This was achieved by the ILR-33 AMBER suborbital rocket, which utilizes a hybrid rocket propulsion as the main stage. Since then, three successful consecutive flights of the vehicle have been performed, and flights to the Von Karman Line are planned. The hybrid rocket technology developments are described. Advances in hybrid fuel technology are shown, including the testing of fuel grains. Theoretical studies and sizing of hybrid propulsion systems for spacecraft, sounding rockets and small launch vehicles have been performed, and planned further developments are discussed.

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Hydrogen Peroxide as a High Energy Compound Optimal for Propulsive Applications

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Forensic analytical aspects of homemade explosives containing grocery powders and hydrogen peroxide

Forensic analytical aspects of homemade explosives containing grocery powders and hydrogen peroxide

Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration on Manganese Oxide and Platinum Catalyst Bed Performance

Development of Green Storable Hybrid Rocket Propulsion Technology Using 98% Hydrogen Peroxide as Oxidizer

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