Hydrogen Permeation Through the Passivation Film on Iron by Time‐Lag Method

Song, Rak-Hyun; Pyun, Su‐Il; Oriani, R. A.

doi:10.1149/1.2086773

Cited by 67 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Increasing the Cr content of iron [152] or iron aluminum [146] decreases the diffusion coefficient and increases the solubility of hydrogen since the heat of absorption decreases and d-vacancies increase with substitution of Fe with Cr [152]. [149] For the passivated materials, the transport of hydrogen through the passive layer is driven by the electric potential gradient and the hydrogen concentration gradient [153] in contrast to the transport of hydrogen in bulk materials, which is controlled mainly by the concentration gradients. The ionic characteristic of hydrogen atoms (protons) in oxides [154] makes a strong columbic interaction between hydrogen-oxygen ions.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Hydrogen Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may cause a very high concentration of hydrogen in the oxide in comparison with bulk metal or the metal/oxide interface. For Fe, the ratio of hydrogen concentration in oxide to bulk is measured to be approximately 10 6 [153]. Additionally, the necessity for the breaking of the columbic bond with the initial oxygen ion causes the mobility of hydrogen in an oxide to be considerably lower than that in the metal phase.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Hydrogen Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of Fe, for example, the hydrogen diffusivity in the iron oxide layer is much less than that in iron (around 10´1 4 m 2 /s) [153,155]. Based on the density functional theory simulation [156], existence of an Al 2 O 3 layer on the Fe-Al bulk material suppresses the mobility of hydrogen atoms.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Hydrogen Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Review on the Properties of Iron Aluminide Intermetallics

2016

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Iron aluminides have been among the most studied intermetallics since the 1930s, when their excellent oxidation resistance was first noticed. Their low cost of production, low density, high strength-to-weight ratios, good wear resistance, ease of fabrication and resistance to high temperature oxidation and sulfurization make them very attractive as a substitute for routine stainless steel in industrial applications. Furthermore, iron aluminides allow for the conservation of less accessible and expensive elements such as nickel and molybdenum. These advantages have led to the consideration of many applications, such as brake disks for windmills and trucks, filtration systems in refineries and fossil power plants, transfer rolls for hot-rolled steel strips, and ethylene crackers and air deflectors for burning high-sulfur coal. A wide application for iron aluminides in industry strictly depends on the fundamental understanding of the influence of (i) alloy composition; (ii) microstructure; and (iii) number (type) of defects on the thermo-mechanical properties. Additionally, environmental degradation of the alloys, consisting of hydrogen embrittlement, anodic or cathodic dissolution, localized corrosion and oxidation resistance, in different environments should be well known. Recently, some progress in the development of new micro-and nano-mechanical testing methods in addition to the fabrication techniques of micro-and nano-scaled samples has enabled scientists to resolve more clearly the effects of alloying elements, environmental items and crystal structure on the deformation behavior of alloys. In this paper, we will review the extensive work which has been done during the last decades to address each of the points mentioned above.

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Section: Mechanism Of Hydrogen Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Hydrogen Ingressmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on the Properties of Iron Aluminide Intermetallics

2016

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“…Noise resistance.-The noise resistance, R n , was defined as the ratio of the standard deviation of the potential fluctuations {U(t)} to the current fluctuations {I(t)} 24 [1] The value of each noise resistance reported in this paper was calculated based on 1024 potential data and 1024 current data. The noise resistance is equivalent to the polarization resistance.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hydrogen on Semiconductivity of Passive Films and Corrosion Behavior of 310 Stainless Steel

Yang

Luo

Yang

et al. 1999

J. Electrochem. Soc.

114

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Hydrogen damage is a severe problem that refers to the degradation of mechanical properties of a metal caused by the presence of, or interaction with, hydrogen. The reduction of hydrogen ions is a source of atomic hydrogen. Hence, corrosion reactions, the application of cathodic protection and electroplating, etc., are major sources for introducing hydrogen into metals. During these hydrogen-generating processes, some of the reduced hydrogen may be absorbed on the metal surface and diffuse into the metals. [1][2][3][4][5] The presence of hydrogen in metals has a significant influence on the mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of metals. For instance, increased hydrogen content results in the low stress fracture and plastic reduction of steels. 6,7 Dissolution of hydrogen in metals was proven to affect the general corrosion of metals 1,8 and to induce stress corrosion cracking 9,10 and pitting corrosion. 11,12 It is known that the nature of passive films on metals and alloys is an ultimate factor which controls their corrosion behavior. 13,14 Therefore, knowledge about electronic structure of the passive film is required for better understanding of the corrosion process. For this reason, much work has been devoted to the study of the electronic properties and chemical composites of passive films on metals and alloys. 13,[15][16][17][18][19] Most passive films formed on stainless steels behave like semiconductors. Based on the fact that the potential-dependent transpassive dissolution varies with the electronic properties of the passive film, Sato 20 proposed a breakdown mechanism of the passive film on metals: the electrochemical stability of a passive film strongly depends on the electron energy band structure in the film. Bohni, et al. 21 studied the semiconductive properties of the passive films on 304 SS using Mott-Schottky analysis and photoelectrochemical methods. They found the coincidence of the onset potential for pit nucleation with the flatband potential of passive film. Bianchi et al. 14 concluded that the high susceptibility of stainless steel to pitting nucleation was connected to n-type conductivity of the oxide film. Nevertheless, the reason for the existence of this correlation is still not clear, and little research has been done to investigate the effect of hydrogen dissolved in metals on electronic structures of passive films on metals. 22 In this work, the new experimental results on the reversion of the electronic properties of passive film induced by hydrogen dissolved in AISI 310 SS were presented. The experimental results were analyzed by taking into account the susceptibility of specimens to pitting corrosion with or without hydrogen and were interpreted by the band model of different conductivity types of passive films. ExperimentalThe test material was commercial 310 SS foil, 0.01 cm thick. The main composition (wt %) was 23.5 Cr, 18.4 Ni, 1.76 Mn, 0.70 Si, 0.15 Mo, 0.16 Cu, 0.09 Ti, 0.02 Nb, 0.06 C, 0.02 P, 0.02 S, and Fe in balance. The solution for hydrogen charging wa...

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“…ickness of steel samples in hydrogen permeation experiment is typically 0.3-1.0 mm. Galvanostatic current to produce hydrogen has varied from 0.05 to 100 mA/cm 2 [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Determination of Hydrogen Entry to HSLA Steel during Pickling

Aromaa

Pehkonen

Schmachtel

et al. 2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Pickling with hydrochloric acid is a standard method to clean steel surfaces before hot-dip galvanizing. When normal low strength steels are pickled, hydrogen formed in pickling reactions does not have any significant harmful effect on the mechanical properties of steel. However, in pickling of steels with higher strength, the penetration of hydrogen into the steel may cause severe damages.e effect of pickling of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels was investigated using a cell construction based on the DevanathanStachurski method with modified anodic surface treatment and hydrogen production using acid. e penetration and the permeability of hydrogen were measured using an electrochemical cell with hydrochloric acid on the one side of the steel sample and a solution of NaOH on the other side. No protective coating, for example, palladium on the anodic side of the sample, is needed. e penetration rate of hydrogen into the steel and exit rate from the steel were lower for higher strength steel.

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Hydrogen Permeation Through the Passivation Film on Iron by Time‐Lag Method

Cited by 67 publications

References 15 publications

A Review on the Properties of Iron Aluminide Intermetallics

A Review on the Properties of Iron Aluminide Intermetallics

Effects of Hydrogen on Semiconductivity of Passive Films and Corrosion Behavior of 310 Stainless Steel

Electrochemical Determination of Hydrogen Entry to HSLA Steel during Pickling

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