Hydrogen from Rice Husk Pyrolysis Volatiles via Non-Noble Ni–Fe Catalysts Supported on Five Differently Treated Rice Husk Pyrolysis Carbon Supports

Abstract

A renewable H2 was obtained via catalytic reforming/cracking of rice husk pyrolysis volatiles (RHPV) with the catalyst-employed rice husk pyrolysis carbon (RHPC) as the support. Five differently treated processes such as pyrolysis impregnation (P-I), impregnation pyrolysis (I-P), activation, acid washing (A-W), and calcining in air were employed to improve the catalytic activity and stability of the catalysts. The catalytic activity for bio-oil, gas, and real pyrolysis volatiles was investigated. The role of Fe and Ni was also investigated. The H2 content reached 50% for bio-oil. The catalytic activity and stability were in the following order: 0.1FeNi/RHPC­(P-I) > 0.1FeNi/RHPC­(A-W) ≈ 0.1FeNi/RHA > 0.1FeNi/RHPC-2­(I-P) > 0.1FeNi/AC (active carbon), which is consistent with the results of BET and NH3-TPD. It suggests that the highly active RHPC support catalyst is prepared avoiding pretreatment, activation, and calcination, which makes the preparation procedure of catalysts simple and energy saving. Bio-oil, gas, and real pyrolysis volatiles were employed to investigate the interaction and the catalytic reforming mechanism. Moreover, the characterization of the catalysts showed that the active center is the FeNi nanoalloy, and the RHPC support was an intermediate reductant to keep the stability of the catalyst via reducing the metal oxides.

Sustainable application of rice-waste for fuels and valuable chemicals-a mini review

“…Biohydrogen and biomethane are the major renewable gaseous biofuels generated from biomass. Xu et al produced renewable biohydrogen from catalytic reforming/cracking of rice husk, using a Fe-Ni catalyst supported on the rice husk pyrolysis carbon, which provides a biohydrogen concentration of 50.5% ( Xu et al, 2018 ). Recently, Zeng et al prepared a bifunctional catalyst, Ce 0.7 Ni 1 Ca 5 , for the efficient production of hydrogen-rich gas from steam gasification of rice husk, achieving a higher biohydrogen concentration of 85.81 ± 0.39 vol% and yield of 35.82 ± 0.28 mmol/g biomass ( Zeng et al, 2022 ).…”

The steam reforming of guaiacol for hydrogen via Ni/Al 2 O 3 : The influence of dispersion

“…Hydrogen production from biomass is one of most promising route due to the advantages of abundant material resources, low energy consumption, renewable, and environmentally friendly properties . Bio‐oil, which is one of the thermochemical conversion products of biomass, can be an efficient feedstock to produce hydrogen . Besides, the cost of hydrogen production is greatly reduced by eliminating the need to dehydrate the bio‐oil before the reaction .…”

“…2 Bio-oil, which is one of the thermochemical conversion products of biomass, can be an efficient feedstock to produce hydrogen. [3][4][5][6] Besides, the cost of hydrogen production is greatly reduced by eliminating the need to dehydrate the bio-oil before the reaction. 5 Considering the water-gas shift reaction, the overall reaction is shown in (R1).…”

“…[3][4][5][6] Besides, the cost of hydrogen production is greatly reduced by eliminating the need to dehydrate the bio-oil before the reaction. 5 Considering the water-gas shift reaction, the overall reaction is shown in (R1). 7,8 However, the composition is very complex, which is difficult to analyze the process of catalytic reforming.…”

Influence of the Iron Proportion on the Efficiency of an Oil-Soluble Ni–Fe Catalyst Applied in the Co-liquefaction of Lignite and Heavy Residue

“…31 Considering the merits and demerits of nickel and iron sulfides, the combination of both inexpensive nickel and iron via an efficient dispersion method may be promising for the development of a low-cost and high-activity hydrogenation catalyst and is worthy of detailed research. The cause of catalytic property improvement involves many aspects including comprising the alternations of sulfidation degree, 32 particle size, 33 electronic state, or morphology of catalysts. 34,35 However, the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the critical factors justifies further systematic study.…”