Hydrogen evolution from water dispersing nanoparticles irradiated with gamma-ray/size effect and dose rate effect

Production and Enhancement of Hydrogen From Water: A Review

“…2) can be produced both from light and heavy water. Pt-Pd, Pt-Sn, Pt-Ni, pt-W, and pt-Ag electrodes are commonly used by many researchers [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. They used different electrolytes such as NaCl, NaOH, KOH, K 2 CO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , and H 2 SO 4 .…”

Influence of γ-irradiation on the transport kinetics of hydrogen in pre-transition oxidized Zircaloy-4 at room temperature

“…A large dispersion of the calculated values on at least three orders of magnitude was observed in the case of Zrbased alloys [22e26], but the major scattering was observed for extrapolated data obtained on zirconium oxides with up to ten orders of magnitude [27e35]. Moreover, the presence of gamma radiation may affect the kinetics of hydrogen uptake and/or the radiolysis rate of hydrogenated species in the confined container environment [36,37]. Such irradiation-induced modifications, in addition with the presence of hydrogen in the zirconia layer preliminary to the diffusion experiments (due to the oxidation process in the primary circuit), may be an additional source of divergence in the data taken from literature as compared to a real case.…”

Enhancement of Hydrogen Evolution Yield from Water Dispersing Nanoparticles Irradiated with Gamma-Ray.

“…We have reported that the hydrogen evolution from water irradiated with γ -ray is drastically enhanced by adding various kinds of nanoparticles, e.g., TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, ZrO 2 and CeO 2 . [1][2][3][4] However, the enhancement mechanism is not thoroughly understood yet, and is of much interest from the scientific viewpoint. From the technological viewpoint, its application to hydrogen gas production has been proposed for making full use of γ -rays emitted from the high level radioactive waste, which should be stored for several dozens of years before the geological disposal.…”

“…We have briefly discussed the enhancement mechanism taking account of radiolysis and photocatalytic processes. [1][2][3][4] Radicals generated by the water radiolysis might participated in reactions occurring on particle's surface and result in the higher hydrogen yield. Photocatalytic process is usually studied by using UV-photons which excite the semiconductor materials.…”