Hydrogen diffusion and hydrogen influenced critical stress intensity in an API X70 pipeline steel welded joint – Experiments and FE simulations

Olden, Vigdis; Alvaro, Antonio; Akselsen, Odd M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.05.005

Cited by 136 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Those works are for the BM, while other works are focused on the hydrogen diffusion in pipelines [28][29][30], and HIC [31]. Unfortunately, at present, there are no work for planar laminations in the BM, HAZ, WB.…”

Section: /31mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of 3D Planar Laminations in a Welded Section of API 5L X52 Applying the Finite Element Method

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The mechanical behavior of API 5L X52 steel with planar type laminations was studied in the present work. Planar laminations were proposed in the base metal (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and welding bead (WB). Three-dimensional finite element (FE) models, kinematic hardening and mechanical properties for BM, HAZ, and WB were activated in the finite element program. The results showed that crack propagation corresponds to the direction of the main stress. For a crack length (2a) of 10.01 mm, crack propagation may occur at the right crack tip towards the outer wall of the BM. For 2a of 15.12 mm, crack propagation was located on the right crack tip and propagates to the inner wall. For 2a of 17.12 mm, crack propagation was observed at the left crack tip and propagates to the outer wall in the BM. The results achieved by FEM agree when compared with real laminations in API 5L pipelines.

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Section: /31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve the maximum strength value, the outer walls are plastified, which causes the failure by plastic collapse to become real. Vigdis [29,30] assumed that failure occurs as soon as the first cohesive element at the crack tips …”

Section: Analysis Of Planar Laminations By Femmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of 3D Planar Laminations in a Welded Section of API 5L X52 Applying the Finite Element Method

et al. 2018

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“…Therefore, these combinations of factors act as strong traps and significantly decrease the hydrogen flow. The diffusion coefficient of martensite reported by Olden et al [41] for API steel X70 is 1.26 × 10 −5 mm 2 ⋅s −1 and it is lower than those found to ferrite/perlite, 7.60 × 10 −5 mm 2 ⋅s −1 . These values are in accordance with this present project; however it shows one order of magnitude lower.…”

Section: Quenched Base Metal (Qbm)mentioning

confidence: 57%

Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Diffusion in Weld and API X52 Pipeline Steel Base Metals under Cathodic Protection

Souza

Pereira

Starling

et al. 2017

International Journal of Corrosion

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of microstructure on hydrogen permeation of weld and API X52 base metal under cathodic protection. The microstructures analyzed were of the API X52, as received, quenched, and annealed, and the welded zone. The test was performed in base metal (BM), quenched base metal (QBM), annealed base metal (ABM), and weld metal (WM). Hydrogen permeation flows were evaluated using electrochemical tests in a Devanathan cell. The potentiodynamic polarization curves were carried out to evaluate the corrosion resistance of each microstructure. All tests were carried out in synthetic soil solutions NS4 and NS4 + sodium thiosulfate at 25 ∘ C. The sodium thiosulfate was used to simulate sulfate reduction bacteria (SRB). Through polarization, assays established that the microstructure does not influence the corrosion resistance. The permeation tests showed that weld metal had lower hydrogen flow than base metal as received, quenched, and annealed.

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“…Among the wide range of pipeline steels, API X70 is one of the most important steels extensively applied in oil and gas industries [5]. However, during fusion welding processes, the mechanical properties of X70 steel, especially in heat affected zone (HAZ), sharply deteriorate after experiencing a severe welding thermal cycle [6][7][8]. Therefore, a widespread interest has been taken by researchers to study joining process of X70 steel and optimize strength and toughness of the weld metal (WM) and the HAZ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of X70 Steel Welded Joints Through Hardness Mapping and Tensile Strength Testing

Hamdollahzadeh

Omidvar

Amirnasiri

2017

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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In this paper, effects of preheating and type of electrode (E8010 and E8018) on microstructure and mechanical properties of 5L X70 steel welded joints were investigated. The microstructure of joint zone and fracture surface was analyzed by light optical microscope and scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Hardness mapping and tensile test were also performed to find the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties. The results showed a consistency between the hardness variation data and the microstructure of joint zone. Moreover, hardness mapping revealed coarse and fine grain subregions in the heat affected zone which were not detected in the micrographs. The tensile test indicated that the non-preheated sample, welded by cellulosic E8010, had the minimum value in the strength and the ductility of welded steel. The fractography also determined that size and distribution of strengthening phases affected the fracture mode of welded specimens.

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Hydrogen diffusion and hydrogen influenced critical stress intensity in an API X70 pipeline steel welded joint – Experiments and FE simulations

Cited by 136 publications

References 19 publications

Analysis of 3D Planar Laminations in a Welded Section of API 5L X52 Applying the Finite Element Method

Analysis of 3D Planar Laminations in a Welded Section of API 5L X52 Applying the Finite Element Method

Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Diffusion in Weld and API X52 Pipeline Steel Base Metals under Cathodic Protection

Microstructure and Mechanical Characterization of X70 Steel Welded Joints Through Hardness Mapping and Tensile Strength Testing

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