Hydrogen applications and research activities in its production routes through catalytic hydrocarbon conversion

Baharudin, Luqmanulhakim; Watson, Matthew J.

doi:10.1515/revce-2016-0040

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The utilization of BMC as the catalysts has been demonstrated in the hydrocarbon decomposition reaction to produce carbon nanomaterials and hydrogen. Chinthaginjala et al (2008) demonstrated hydrocarbon decomposition, which is also a catalytic route to produce hydrogen (Baharudin and Watson 2017), for carbon nanofibers (CNF) synthesis over a Ni foam as the BMC. The growth of CNF took place on the BMC itself.…”

Section: Classification Of Monolithic Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the most common pathway for producing hydrogen and synthesis gas (syngas, i.e. hydrogen + carbon monoxide) due to its cost effectiveness (Mohammadzadeh and Zamaniyan 2002, Zamaniyan et al 2011, Saito et al 2015 as compared to other processes discussed by Baharudin and Watson (2017). In this review paper, a monolithic structured packing for steam methane reforming (SMR) reactor will be studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monolithic substrate support catalyst design considerations for steam methane reforming operation

Baharudin

Watson

2017

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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Abstract This paper reviews the research undertaken to study the design criteria that address the monolithic support structure requirements in steam reforming operation for the effective mass transfer of process gases to the active sites and effective conductive heat transfer through tube wall to the active catalytic areas, as well as low pressure drop operation. Design considerations include selection of substrate materials that possess good mechanical strength to withstand the severe reaction conditions and prevent catalyst crushing that would lead to carbon formation and catalyst deactivation, and excessive heating of the tube that results in hot spots which is fatal to tube lifetime. The support’s mechanical properties are listed for the purpose of providing guidelines on verifying the structure durability. The practical aspect of packaging and stacking the monolith structures in the reformer tube for ease of loading and discharge is discussed to understand its readiness in industrial application.

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Section: Classification Of Monolithic Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monolithic substrate support catalyst design considerations for steam methane reforming operation

Baharudin

Watson

2017

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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“…Among other possible energy systems, hydrogen (H 2 ) as an energy carrier is considered a potentially viable solution to address sustainable energy production, when coupled with renewable sources and adequate technology [1][2][3][4]. H 2 gas is an ideal energy carrier for a number of applications [5][6][7]; it can be produced using a range of technologies [8][9][10][11], and of those, the non-carbon based hybrid sulphur (HyS) cycle is a potential large-scale H 2 production process [12,13]. In this cycle, sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) is thermally (>800 • C) decomposed into water (H 2 O), oxygen (O 2 ), and sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of SO2 with the Platinum (001), (011), and (111) Surfaces: A DFT Study

et al. 2020

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Given the importance of SO2 as a pollutant species in the environment and its role in the hybrid sulphur (HyS) cycle for hydrogen production, we carried out a density functional theory study of its interaction with the Pt (001), (011), and (111) surfaces. First, we investigated the adsorption of a single SO2 molecule on the three Pt surfaces. On both the (001) and (111) surfaces, the SO2 had a S,O-bonded geometry, while on the (011) surface, it had a co-pyramidal and bridge geometry. The largest adsorption energy was obtained on the (001) surface (Eads = −2.47 eV), followed by the (011) surface (Eads = −2.39 and −2.28 eV for co-pyramidal and bridge geometries, respectively) and the (111) surface (Eads = −1.85 eV). When the surface coverage was increased up to a monolayer, we noted an increase of Eads/SO2 for all the surfaces, but the (001) surface remained the most favourable overall for SO2 adsorption. On the (111) surface, we found that when the surface coverage was θ > 0.78, two neighbouring SO2 molecules reacted to form SO and SO3. Considering the experimental conditions, we observed that the highest coverage in terms of the number of SO2 molecules per metal surface area was (111) > (001) > (011). As expected, when the temperature increased, the surface coverage decreased on all the surfaces, and gradual desorption of SO2 would occur above 500 K. Total desorption occurred at temperatures higher than 700 K for the (011) and (111) surfaces. It was seen that at 0 and 800 K, only the (001) and (111) surfaces were expressed in the morphology, but at 298 and 400 K, the (011) surface was present as well. Taking into account these data and those from a previous paper on water adsorption on Pt, it was evident that at temperatures between 400 and 450 K, where the HyS cycle operates, most of the water would desorb from the surface, thereby increasing the SO2 concentration, which in turn may lead to sulphur poisoning of the catalyst.

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“…Direct application of hydrogen is in internal combustion engines [50] and fuel cells [51]. Indirectly hydrogen is used to produce liquid fuel [52], methanol [53], and upgrading of heavy crude oil and bitumen [54].…”

Section: Syngas To Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability Effect of Water Gas Shift Reaction (Syngas) in Catalytic Upgrading of Heavy Crude Oil and Bitumen

Avbenake¹,

Yakasai²,

Jibril³

2019

Sustainable Alternative Syngas Fuel [Working Title]

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Industrial globalization and urbanization has placed man on a path for the quest of energy. Conspicuously there are various types and forms of energy with established technologies on harnessing and utilization wherein fossil fuel still remains the cheapest with straightforward application. Although, conventional fossil fuel resources are depleting because of population growth, unconventional reservoirs are exploited daily with limited production due to inadequate and expensive technology making them stand at approximately 9.1 trillion barrels poised to quell the world's energy insecurity for the next 100 years. The underlying basis for the high-cost of unconventional reservoirs upgrading is the hydrogen required to seal the alkyl chain after cracking to form low molecular weight hydrocarbons. Therefore, in this chapter we aim to provide a comprehensive review of in-situ generation of hydrogen from syngas via water gas shift reaction for the catalytic upgrading of heavy crude oil and bitumen by analyzing the gas chromatography results of gaseous effluents for the presence of syngas in the various works cited. Although, heavy crude oil and bitumen are non-renewable the upgrading method selected is tenable, appropriately the overall technology is partially sustainable.

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Hydrogen applications and research activities in its production routes through catalytic hydrocarbon conversion

Cited by 50 publications

References 92 publications

Monolithic substrate support catalyst design considerations for steam methane reforming operation

Monolithic substrate support catalyst design considerations for steam methane reforming operation

Interaction of SO2 with the Platinum (001), (011), and (111) Surfaces: A DFT Study

Sustainability Effect of Water Gas Shift Reaction (Syngas) in Catalytic Upgrading of Heavy Crude Oil and Bitumen

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