Hydrogels with electrically conductive nanomaterials for biomedical applications

KOUGKOLOS, Georgios; Golzio, Muriel; Laudebat, Lionel; Valdez-Nava, Zarel; Flahaut, Emmanuel

doi:10.1039/d2tb02019j

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 182 publications

(374 reference statements)

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“…Electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs) belong to an emerging class of materials produced by the incorporation of electroconductive elements or compounds into hydrogel networks [1][2][3]. The capability of hydrogels to absorb and retain large amounts of water while maintaining their structural integrity, combined with the electrical conductivity of the fillers, makes ECHs particularly attractive for a wide range of advanced technologies, such as smart bioelectronics, soft electrodes, drug delivery, tissue-engineered scaffolds, and sensing and wearable applications [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Standing 3D-Printed PEGDA–PANIs Electroconductive Hydrogel Composites for pH Monitoring

Carcione,

Pescosolido,

Montaina

et al. 2023

Gels

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Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing processes, is introducing new possibilities in electronic, biomedical, sensor-designing, and wearable technologies. In this context, the present work focuses on the development of flexible 3D-printed polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA)- sulfonated polyaniline (PANIs) electrically conductive hydrogels (ECHs) for pH-monitoring applications. PEGDA platforms are 3D printed by a stereolithography (SLA) approach. Here, we report the successful realization of PEGDA–PANIs electroconductive hydrogel (ECH) composites produced by an in situ chemical oxidative co-polymerization of aniline (ANI) and aniline 2-sulfonic acid (ANIs) monomers at a 1:1 equimolar ratio in acidic medium. The morphological and functional properties of PEGDA–PANIs are compared to those of PEGDA–PANI composites by coupling SEM, swelling degree, I–V, and electro–chemo–mechanical analyses. The differences are discussed as a function of morphological, structural, and charge transfer/transport properties of the respective PANIs and PANI filler. Our investigation showed that the electrochemical activity of PANIs allows for the exploitation of the PEGDA–PANIs composite as an electrode material for pH monitoring in a linear range compatible with that of most biofluids. This feature, combined with the superior electromechanical behavior, swelling capacity, and water retention properties, makes PEGDA–PANIs hydrogel a promising active material for developing advanced biomedical, soft tissue, and biocompatible electronic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Standing 3D-Printed PEGDA–PANIs Electroconductive Hydrogel Composites for pH Monitoring

Carcione,

Pescosolido,

Montaina

et al. 2023

Gels

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show abstract

“…Novel formulations could be sought to further increase nanovial conductivity. The development of conductive hydrogels and polymers is presently an active research field, [49][50][51][52][53] offering promising opportunities for the development of MIC-tailored nanovials. Incidentally, PicoShells 54 are another lab-on-a-particle system that could be explored in combination with MIC.…”

Section: Discussion and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

On the compatibility of single-cell microcarriers (nanovials) with microfluidic impedance cytometry

Brandi,

De Ninno,

Ruggiero

et al. 2024

Lab Chip

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“…Hydrogels are inherently soft and have relatively low mechanical strength compared to rigid materials (see Section “Fabrication Techniques for Implantable Devices”) . Challenges that prohibit broad application are relatively poor electronic properties of most recent embodiments: hydrogels are insulators and have poor electrical conductivity even when functionalized with certain additives or conductive materials, such as graphene or carbon nanotubes . Mechanical stability over chronic application duration are also a large hurdle for this substrate class that hydrolyze over time, leading to breakup of the device …”

Section: Materials and Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…59 Challenges that prohibit broad application are relatively poor electronic properties of most recent embodiments: hydrogels are insulators and have poor electrical conductivity even when functionalized with certain additives or conductive materials, such as graphene or carbon nanotubes. 60 Mechanical stability over chronic application duration are also a large hurdle for this substrate class that hydrolyze over time, leading to breakup of the device. 61 Emerging substrates are dissolvable or bioresorbable materials which host transient functionality and are composed of materials that are bioinert and reabsorbable.…”

Section: Materials and Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Battery-free and Fully Implantable Organ Interfaces

Bhatia,

Hanna,

Stuart

et al. 2024

Chem. Rev.

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Advances in soft materials, miniaturized electronics, sensors, stimulators, radios, and battery-free power supplies are resulting in a new generation of fully implantable organ interfaces that leverage volumetric reduction and soft mechanics by eliminating electrochemical power storage. This device class offers the ability to provide high-fidelity readouts of physiological processes, enables stimulation, and allows control over organs to realize new therapeutic and diagnostic paradigms. Driven by seamless integration with connected infrastructure, these devices enable personalized digital medicine. Key to advances are carefully designed material, electrophysical, electrochemical, and electromagnetic systems that form implantables with mechanical properties closely matched to the target organ to deliver functionality that supports high-fidelity sensors and stimulators. The elimination of electrochemical power supplies enables control over device operation, anywhere from acute, to lifetimes matching the target subject with physical dimensions that supports imperceptible operation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the basic building blocks of battery-free organ interfaces and related topics such as implantation, delivery, sterilization, and user acceptance. State of the art examples categorized by organ system and an outlook of interconnection and advanced strategies for computation leveraging the consistent power influx to elevate functionality of this device class over current battery-powered strategies is highlighted.

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Hydrogels with electrically conductive nanomaterials for biomedical applications

Abstract: Hydrogels, soft 3D materials of cross-linked hydrophilic polymer chains with a high water content, have found numerous applications in biomedicine because of their similarity to native tissue, biocompatibility and tuneable...

Cited by 35 publications

References 182 publications

Self-Standing 3D-Printed PEGDA–PANIs Electroconductive Hydrogel Composites for pH Monitoring

Self-Standing 3D-Printed PEGDA–PANIs Electroconductive Hydrogel Composites for pH Monitoring

On the compatibility of single-cell microcarriers (nanovials) with microfluidic impedance cytometry

Wireless Battery-free and Fully Implantable Organ Interfaces

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