Hydrogels as template nanoreactors for silver nanoparticles formation and their antimicrobial activities

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized and stabilized using the hydrogel template method. The synthesized hydrogels were composed of acrylamide and styrene sulfonic acid sodium salt monomers with different molar ratios. The copolymer with the highest ionic monomer content was interpenetrated with different chitosan concentrations. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the prepared hydrogels. The formation of silver nanoparticles within the swollen hydrogel was mainly due to an ion exchange process via the sulfonate and amino groups of the hydrogels. The surface morphology showed a uniform distribution of silver nanoparticles throughout the hydrogel structure. These nanoparticles had face-centered-cubic unit cell structure and dimensions less than 70 nm, as determined by X-ray and UV-visible spectroscopy, respectively. To investigate the antimicrobial activities of the prepared composites, their inhibitory effect was evaluated against bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. Increasing the ionic monomer and chitosan content enhanced both the swelling properties and the antimicrobial activities of these composites. The results clarified that the most sensitive strain was Bacillus subtilis.

Antimicrobial hydrogels: promising materials for medical application

“…The main advantage of using this template is that the morphology and size of the nanoparticles can be easily controlled by changing the amount of cross-linker and monomer of the hydrogel network. 48,58,59 For example, PAM/ PVA hydrogel-Ag NPs fabricated by Varaprasad et al 60 can obtain Ag NPs of 2-3 nm size in gel networks, which exhibit higher antibacterial activity on E. coli compared with Ag NPs alone and Ag + -bonded hydrogels. Styrene sulfonic acid sodium salt was incorporated into hydrogels to form poly(acrylamidestyrene sulfonic acid sodium salt) Ag NP hydrogel, and the most sensitive strain it can deal with was Bacillus subtilis.…”

“…Styrene sulfonic acid sodium salt was incorporated into hydrogels to form poly(acrylamidestyrene sulfonic acid sodium salt) Ag NP hydrogel, and the most sensitive strain it can deal with was Bacillus subtilis. 58 PAM is also used to form semi-interpenetrating network hydrogels composed of pluronic and PAM by simultaneous free-radical cross-linking polymerization and served as nanoreactors for the synthesis of Ag NPs. 59 PAM mixed with itaconic acid (IA) or starch to form Ag NP-loaded hydrogels was also reported to have good antibacterial properties while providing a green process of synthesis.…”

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Biosynthesis of colloidal silver nanoparticles: Their characterization and potential antibacterial activity

“…More recently many researchers have demonstrated the bio or green route synthesis of silver nanoparticles. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] As a result of the growing success and simple process for the nanoparticles formation, bio based methods in this field are swiftly gaining importance. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles is mainly concerned with the selection of solvent medium, reducing agent, and nontoxic substances for stability.…”

Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Hybrid Polymer Composites Containing Silver Clusters and Nanoparticles

“…An analogous method gave composites derived from unsubstituted (AAM) (Fig. 5) [83] and disubstituted acrylamide [63], while the additional introduction of ion-exchange components into the matrix permits efficient controlled variation of the content of stabilized SN [83].…”

“…Hybrid composites derived from copolymers of St and its derivatives are also commonly used [34,83,84,[92][93][94][95]. The deposition of SN on the surface of poly(St) microspheres modified with ClSO 3 H gave nanocomposites, in which the SN are stabilized due to their reaction with the SO 3 H groups of the polymer matrix [92].…”