Hydrogel Pressure Distribution Sensors Based on an Imaging Strategy and Machine Learning

Liu, Zhengxin; Zhang, Tingwei; Yang, Mei; Gao, Weizheng; Wu, Songjie; Wang, Kaile; Dong, Feihong; Dang, Jie; Zhou, Diange; Zhang, Jue

doi:10.1021/acsaelm.1c00488

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Soft sensors have received increasing attention in recent years due to the rapidly growing demand for health and motion monitoring in soft robotics, , wearable electronics, , and human–machine interfaces. , The majority of the developed soft sensors are based on elastomers, , thin films, , hydrogels, − foams, , and liquid crystals. , Among them, hydrogels are considered to be one of the promising materials for the development of new soft sensors due to their intrinsic biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, and easy preparation process. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin and Highly Tough Hydrogel Films for Multifunctional Strain Sensors

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With good flexibility and biocompatibility, hydrogel-based sensors have been widely used in human motion detection, artificial intelligence, human–machine interface, and other fields. Previous research on hydrogel-based sensors has focused on improving the mechanical properties and signal transmission sensitivity. With the development of human smart devices, there is an increasing demand for hydrogel sensor comfort and more application functions, such as ultrathin structures and recognition functions for contact surfaces, which are realized with higher requirements for the thickness, flexibility, friction resistance, and biocompatibility of hydrogels. Inspired by the ultrathin and flexible characteristics of human organ biofilms, we constructed conductive hydrogel films by using the flim-casting and glycerol–H2O secondary hydration methods. This ultrathin structure enables the hydrogel films to have a high elongation at break of 523.3%, a stress of 3.5 MPa, and a good friction resistance. Combined with the excellent sensing properties (gauge factor = 2.1 and a response time of 200 ms), the hydrogel film-based sensor can not only record human motion signals but also recognize the surface texture and roughness of objects, such as glass, brushes, wood, and sandpaper with mesh sizes of 80, 50, and 24, accurately. In addition, this hydrogel film has a series of excellent properties such as UV shielding, antiswelling ability, and good biocompatibility. This research provides a novel way for the development of emerging soft-material smart devices, such as hydrogel-based electronic skin and soft robots.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrathin and Highly Tough Hydrogel Films for Multifunctional Strain Sensors

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The real sensor data was then reassembled and compared to the applied force. 25 Li and his co-authors use chemical characteristics to examine the design of self-assembly dipeptide hydrogels and machine learning (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Models For Functional Hydrogelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning for soft and liquid molecular materials

et al. 2023

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“…Figure a shows the overview of the proposed pseudo-array skin-like tactile sensor, which was made of a hydrogel with a double-network (DN) cross-linked structure, a soft silicone rubber material Ecoflex (Smooth-on, shore 00–30), and boundary electrodes. Figure b shows the sensor fabrication procedure.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Skin-Like Hydrogel for Distributed Force Sensing Using an Electrical Impedance Tomography-Based Pseudo-Array Method

Chen

Yang

Geng

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Hydrogels are compliant biomaterials that can be integrated with robotic systems to act like human skin for sensing and perception during interactions with their environments. The conventional method for fabricating skin-like hydrogel sensors is based on an array-type design which contains numerous discrete sensitive elements to obtain touch locations and force information. Array-based sensors are complex, with tiny communication units that make manufacturing complicated and expensive. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a noninvasive imaging technique that can be easily implemented to create large-area tactile sensors into a "one-piece" structure without any internal wires. However, EIT-based tactile sensors suffer from low spatial resolution and sensitivity in areas far from the electrodes. This paper introduces a pseudo-array method to remedy the effect of location-dependent sensitivity on the spatial sensing of EIT-based hydrogel sensors and improve their performance for practical applications in detecting distributed contact forces without any arrays or internal wires. As a preliminary study, a skin-like hydrogel-based tactile sensor with an area of 400 cm 2 was fabricated using a simple manufacturing process. The entire piece of the tactile sensor is then divided into a 5 × 5 array, which is referred to as a pseudo-array for simulation and experimental calibration. Each "pseudo-array" unit was calibrated to obtain the mapping relationship between the force and the reconstructed conductivity. Subsequently, a quantitative relationship between the touch force and the EIT measurement for the hydrogel-based tactile sensor for continuous sensing was achieved. Finally, the real-time performance of the EIT-based hydrogel sensor demonstrates that the proposed pseudo-array method can realize more accurate force detection with an error of 1.62 N (10.15% of the maximum force) for sensing distributed force over a large area of 400 cm 2 with only 16 boundary electrodes.

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Hydrogel Pressure Distribution Sensors Based on an Imaging Strategy and Machine Learning

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Ultrathin and Highly Tough Hydrogel Films for Multifunctional Strain Sensors

Ultrathin and Highly Tough Hydrogel Films for Multifunctional Strain Sensors

Machine learning for soft and liquid molecular materials

A Skin-Like Hydrogel for Distributed Force Sensing Using an Electrical Impedance Tomography-Based Pseudo-Array Method

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