Hydrogel-based piezoresistive sensor  for the detection of ethanol

Erfkamp, Jan; Guenther, Margarita; Gerlach, Gerald

doi:10.5194/jsss-7-219-2018

Cited by 20 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The elastic AgNW-PEG based pressure sensor exhibited higher sensitivity (S = d R/ d P; R, resistance; P, applied pressure) of ~69.7 and ~1.9 kPa −1 in the respective pressure ranges of 0–1.96 and 1.96–7.85 kPa, which were comparable to previous reports [ 36 , 37 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. The pressure detection threshold of this sensor was determined to be around ~2 kPa.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

High-Performance Resistive Pressure Sensor Based on Elastic Composite Hydrogel of Silver Nanowires and Poly(ethylene glycol)

Kim

Kwon

et al. 2018

Micromachines

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Improved pressure sensing is of great interest to enable the next-generation of bioelectronics systems. This paper describes the development of a transparent, flexible, highly sensitive pressure sensor, having a composite sandwich structure of elastic silver nanowires (AgNWs) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). A simple PEG photolithography was employed to construct elastic AgNW-PEG composite patterns on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. A porous PEG hydrogel structure enabled the use of conductive AgNW patterns while maintaining the elasticity of the composite material, features that are both essential for high-performance pressure sensing. The transparency and electrical properties of AgNW-PEG composite could be precisely controlled by varying the AgNW concentration. An elastic AgNW-PEG composite hydrogel with 0.6 wt % AgNW concentration exhibited high transmittance including T550nm of around 86%, low sheet resistance of 22.69 Ω·sq−1, and excellent bending durability (only 5.8% resistance increase under bending to 10 mm radius). A flexible resistive pressure sensor based on our highly transparent AgNW-PEG composite showed stable and reproducible response, high sensitivity (69.7 kPa−1), low sensing threshold (~2 kPa), and fast response time (20–40 ms), demonstrating the effectiveness of the AgNW-PEG composite material as an elastic conductor.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

High-Performance Resistive Pressure Sensor Based on Elastic Composite Hydrogel of Silver Nanowires and Poly(ethylene glycol)

Kim

Kwon

et al. 2018

Micromachines

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“…Furthermore, the hydrogel sensor showed a baseline drift during the measurement. Such a drift of the sensor signal has been observed for sensors based on different hydrogel systems [15,31,32]. The manual sensor preparation has a significant influence the sensor measurement [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the simple modification of this sensor set-up with different stimuli-responsive hydrogels, new types of sensors for a wide range of applications can be quickly and easily developed. For example, hydrogel-based piezoresistive sensors have been used so far for the detection of the pH value [12], temperature [13], biomolecules like glucose [14] or organic solvents like ethanol [15]. However, each hydrogel system must be adjusted to its specific sensor application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezoresistive Hydrogel-Based Sensors for the Detection of Ammonia

Erfkamp

Guenther

Gerlach

2019

Sensors

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Ammonia is an essential key compound in the chemical industry. However, excessively high ammonia concentrations can be harmful to the environment. Sensors for the detection of ammonia are therefore particularly important for environmental analysis. In this article, a novel hydrogel-based piezoresistive ammonia sensor is presented. In aqueous solution, ammonia reacts as a base. This alkaline pH change can be detected with stimuli-sensitive hydrogels. For such an application, highly sensitive hydrogels in the alkaline range with sufficient mechanical stability for the sensor application has to be developed. These conditions are fulfilled by the presented hydrogel system based on acrylic acid (AAc) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). The hydrogel composition has a significant influence on the swelling behavior of the gel. Furthermore, the hydrogel swelling in ammonia solutions was tested and a detection limit in the range of 1 mmol/L ammonia depending on the buffer solution was determined. Ammonia-sensitive hydrogels can be used multiple times due to the repeatable swelling of the gel over several swelling cycles. To generate a measurable output voltage, the swelling pressure of ammonia-sensitive hydrogels were detected by using piezoresistive pressure sensors. All results of the free hydrogel swelling were verified in the sensor application. This low-cost ammonia sensor with a high sensitivity could be interesting for industrial chemical and biotechnological applications.

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“…Thus, interrogating the swelling–shrinking state of the hydrogel allows the ethanol content to be deduced. The volume change can be detected, for instance, by means of a pressure sensor [5,6,7,8], which demands rather thick hydrogel sensor layers ranging from 50 to 330 μm in the dried state [5,6,7] and up to 500 µm in the swollen state [8]. In [9], a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was coated with 0.4 µm and 0.8 µm thick polymer layers, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel-Based Plasmonic Sensor Substrate for the Detection of Ethanol

Kroh

Wuchrer

Steinke

et al. 2019

Sensors

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The in-line monitoring of ethanol concentration in liquids is a crucial part of process monitoring in breweries and distilleries. Current methods are based on infrared spectroscopy, which is time-consuming and costly, making these methods unaffordable for small and middle-sized companies. To overcome these problems, we presented a small, compact, and cost-effective sensing method for the ethanol content, based on a nanostructured, plasmonically active sensor substrate. The sensor substrate is coated with an ethanol-sensitive hydrogel, based on polyacrylamide and bisacrylamide, which induces a change in the refractive index of the substrate surface. The swelling and shrinking of such hydrogels offer a means to measure the ethanol content in liquids, which can be determined in a simple transmittance setup. In our study, we demonstrated the capability of the sensor principle for the detection of ethanol content ranging from 0 to 30 vol% ethanol. Furthermore, we determined the response time of the sensor substrate to be 5.2 min, which shows an improvement by a factor of four compared to other hydrogel-based sensing methods. Finally, initial results for the sensor’s lifetime are presented.

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Hydrogel-based piezoresistive sensor for the detection of ethanol

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

High-Performance Resistive Pressure Sensor Based on Elastic Composite Hydrogel of Silver Nanowires and Poly(ethylene glycol)

High-Performance Resistive Pressure Sensor Based on Elastic Composite Hydrogel of Silver Nanowires and Poly(ethylene glycol)

Piezoresistive Hydrogel-Based Sensors for the Detection of Ammonia

Hydrogel-Based Plasmonic Sensor Substrate for the Detection of Ethanol

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