Hydrodynamics of an ensemble of drops (or bubbles) in the presence or absence of surfactants

An Improved Correlation for Predicting Terminal Velocity of Droplets and Bubbles in Slag-Metal-Gas Emulsion.

“…As demonstrated by Gal-Or and Waslo, 3) the above correlation, in the original form, 3) is applicable for the system with or without surfactants. The constraint of this correlation is its applicability limited to low Reynolds number or Stokes flow regime.…”

“…Deo and co-workers 1,2) used the following Gal-Or and Waslo equation 3) for predicting the terminal velocity of metal droplets and gas bubbles. 3) hence, its applicability is limited only to the low value of the Reynolds number.…”

“…3) hence, its applicability is limited only to the low value of the Reynolds number. By this reason, it is not surprising that this equation fails to predict a realistic value of the terminal velocity in oxygen steelmaking as reported by Misra et al…”

Characterization of Slag-Metal Droplet-Gas Emulsion in Oxygen Steelmaking Converters.

“…The rising velocity of a gas bubble Ub through the slag is By comparing Eqs. (18) and (19) (14), (16) and (20) (17) and (21), respectively)…”

Dynamic Model of Slag Foaming in Oxygen Steelmaking Converters.

“…Vd-(P--p~g)gd~A s~""~""-"-" (2) 1 8u*g where the factor A~~accounts for the inter-particle interactlons of ensembleof droplets (A**> l) Tables 2 and 3 for comparison), Eq. (8) From Eqs.…”