Characterization of Slag-Metal Droplet-Gas Emulsion in Oxygen Steelmaking Converters.

Deo, Brahma; Karamcheti, A.; Paul, Amitava; Singh, Pankaj Kumar; Chhabra, R. P.

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.36.658

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…In the steelmaking industry, the main application of such jets is found in the Linz and Donawitz (LD) oxygen steelmaking process. The oxygen jet is accelerated at supersonic speeds through a convergent-divergent valve and causes the shearing of the metal surface, a phenomenon that is accompanied by the ejection of metal droplets toward the slag (Deo et al, 1996). The formation of the emulsion is primarily responsible for the interfacial area generation required for the reaction rates needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical analysis of the liquid ejection due to the gaseous jet impact through computational fluid dynamics

2018

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Metal droplets generated by an impinging jet, play an important role in metal refining processes, mainly in oxygen steelmaking, where the droplets are ejected into the slag phase. Since the available interfacial area of droplets is very high in this process, the generated droplets enhance the rates of heat transfer and chemical reactions. Therefore, knowledge of the metal droplet generation rate, size distribution and residence time in the slag are of industrial relevance. In this work, the isothermal, transient flow of an incompressible air jet impinging onto an air/water interface at room temperature has been simulated to obtain a better understanding of the droplet ejection phenomenon. The interface was tracked throughout time using the volume of fluid (VOF) technique. The governing equations formulated for mass and momentum conservation and the k-ε turbulence model are solved in the axisymmetric computational domain using the commercial code FLUENT. The droplet ejection rates calculated with computational fluid dynamics model are compared to experimental data reported in literature, showing partial agreement, being the incompressibility assumption the probable reason for the deviation observed, which was as far pronounced as the great jet velocity. Nevertheless, the model presented shows itself as a relatively good starting point for the construction of more complex ones (with less simplifying assumptions) which should be able to offer a means to increase the understanding of the droplet ejection phenomena. keywords: Numerical simulation; computational fluid dynamics; volume of fluid; top blown; droplet ejection. Hiuller Castro AraújoEngenheiro Metalurgista pela

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal droplets and gas bubbles have a finite residence time in the emulsion and the countercurrent flow of metal droplets and gas bubbles within the emulsion are of relevance to the formation of slag and the kinetics of oxidation/reduction reactions in the converters oxygen (DEO et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of the liquid ejection due to the gaseous jet impact through computational fluid dynamics

2018

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“…Slag foaming has been studied for decades due to its important role in both the Linz-Donawitz converter (LD-converter) and the electric arc furnace. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Slag foaming is a very complicated phenomenon involving a number of phases, possibly (1) gas phases, (2) liquid phase(s), and even (3) solid phases. [2,7,8] The complexity of foaming slag is one of the foremost hindrances for the researchers to understand the mechanism of slag-metal reactions in the LD-converter.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study on Apparent Viscosity and Structure of Foaming Slag

Martinsson

Glaser

Sichen

2016

Metall Mater Trans B

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Foaming slag was generated using induction heating. The foam was found non-Newtonian having much higher apparent viscosity compared to the dynamic viscosity of pure slag. Quenched foam was examined. The appearance of the foaming slag was very different from silicone oil–gas foam. The size of gas bubbles ranged from 0.1 to 4 mm (while in the case of silicone oil, 1 to 2 mm). The gas fraction in the foam was considerably lower than in the case of silicone oil.

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“…The dimensionless number is defined as, where N Em is emulsion number, t d and t b are the mean residence time of metal droplets and gas bubbles in emulsion, respectively. Furthermore, Deo et al 1) assumed that the metal droplets and gas bubbles have a same trajectory in emulsion and their velocity is constant and equal to their terminal velocity. Hence, Eq.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deo and co-workers 1,2) proposed a dimensionless number to characterize the behavior of slag-metal-gas emulsions. The dimensionless number is defined as, where N Em is emulsion number, t d and t b are the mean residence time of metal droplets and gas bubbles in emulsion, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Correlation for Predicting Terminal Velocity of Droplets and Bubbles in Slag-Metal-Gas Emulsion.

Subagyo

Brooks

2002

ISIJ International

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Characterization of Slag-Metal Droplet-Gas Emulsion in Oxygen Steelmaking Converters.

Cited by 27 publications

References 6 publications

Numerical analysis of the liquid ejection due to the gaseous jet impact through computational fluid dynamics

Numerical analysis of the liquid ejection due to the gaseous jet impact through computational fluid dynamics

Study on Apparent Viscosity and Structure of Foaming Slag

An Improved Correlation for Predicting Terminal Velocity of Droplets and Bubbles in Slag-Metal-Gas Emulsion.

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