Hydrodynamic and Species Transfer Simulations in the USP 4 Dissolution Apparatus: Considerations for Dissolution in a Low Velocity Pulsing Flow

D’Arcy, Deirdre M.; Liu, Bo; Bradley, Geoff; Healy, Anne Marie; Corrigan, Owen I.

doi:10.1007/s11095-009-0010-4

Cited by 41 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Compacts used in the dissolution studies were made from 500mg BA, (VWR International Ltd., Poole, England) or LM, (Sigma-A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 6 Aldrich, Netherlands). The compacts were manufactured as previously described for BA (D'Arcy et al, 2010), where only one planar surface was exposed to dissolution media. The compacts were 120 13 mm in diameter and approximately 3 mm in height 2.2.…”

Section: Preparation Of Compacts 115mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although boundary layer separation was evident in the hydrodynamic simulation of flow around the compact at 8 ml min -1 (22.6 mm diameter cell) in the flow-through apparatus, from a simulation of hydrodynamics without species transfer, the velocities present were much lowerA c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 5 than at 17 ml min -1 in the 12 mm diameter cell (D'Arcy et al, 2010). It was suggested that at this lower flow rate natural convection may play a more significant role than at the higher flow rate of 17 ml min -1 (D'Arcy et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 91%

“…It was suggested that at this lower flow rate natural convection may play a more significant role than at the higher flow rate of 17 ml min -1 (D'Arcy et al, 2010). Simulation of both species transfer and hydrodynamics within the dissolution system will give a more comprehensive prediction of both velocities and concentration gradients near the dissolving surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This flow reversal affects the concentration gradient surrounding the compact surface and consequently affects the dissolution rate (D'Arcy et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Recently, CFD results using the species transfer model have been presented, (D'Arcy et al, 2010) involving simulation of a saturated solution of the slightly soluble compound, salicylic acid, at the surface of a compact in the 12 mm diameter cell in the flow-through apparatus at 17 ml min -1 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Investigating the effect of solubility and density gradients on local hydrodynamics and drug dissolution in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus

D’Arcy

Liu

Corrigan

2011

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Please cite this article as: D'Arcy, D.M., Liu, B., Corrigan, O.I., Investigating the effect of solubility and density gradients on local hydrodynamics and drug dissolution in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus., International Journal of Pharmaceutics (2010Pharmaceutics ( ), doi:10.1016Pharmaceutics ( /j.ijpharm.2011 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of solubility and related solution density gradients, on hydrodynamics and dissolution rate in a low velocity pulsing flow, in the USP 4 5 flow-through dissolution apparatus. The paddle apparatus, flow-through apparatus and a free convection system were used in dissolution testing, using Benzoic Acid (BA) and Lactose Monohydrate (LM), representing slightly and freely soluble model compounds, respectively. A flow rate of 8 ml min -1 (22.6 mm diameter cell) was used in the flow-through apparatus.Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to analyze the effect of the dissolved 10 compounds on local hydrodynamics. A higher dissolution rate of both BA and LM was obtained in the free convection system compared to the flow-through apparatus, with highest dissolution rate from both compounds in the paddle apparatus. The effect of downward flow arising from natural convection had a significant effect for the more soluble compound, LM, on local fluid velocities, whereas flow reversal induced by the forced convection environment was a significant 15 feature impacting on the hydrodynamics in the BA species transfer simulation. The effect of solution density on local hydrodynamics needs to be considered when selecting dissolution conditions in the USP 4 dissolution apparatus.

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Section: Preparation Of Compacts 115mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This flow reversal affects the concentration gradient surrounding the compact surface and consequently affects the dissolution rate (D'Arcy et al, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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