Hydrodynamic activity of polymers in high-speed flows

Pogrebnyak, V. G.; Naumchuk, N. V.

doi:10.1007/bf00854379

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Also, measurements of the Toms effect by unconventional techniques have been reported. For example, this effect can be evaluated by comparing the maximum distances to a target in its [shooting] with a fluid jet in the presence of a polymer and without it [33]. Upon introduction of a polymer additive, this distance increased because of the [spreading] of the water jet.…”

Section: History Of Discoverymentioning

confidence: 98%

Toms Effect in Model and Real Systems

Myagchenkov

Chichkanov

2005

Russ J Appl Chem

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Section: History Of Discoverymentioning

confidence: 98%

Toms Effect in Model and Real Systems

Myagchenkov

Chichkanov

2005

Russ J Appl Chem

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“…In areas where 0.8<Q*<1.2, the process of intense cracking develops. Here, uncontrolled growth of cracks takes place, and deformations rapidly increase due to the propagation of cracks and loosening of the rock [27]. Zone of inelastic deformation (is shown in red) surrounds the permanent working contour, hence, indicating the destruction of rocks.…”

Section: K=ktech+ktect+knatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also used an industrial water jet, which provided 450 MPa of pressure in the jet-forming nozzle, an average jet velocity of up to 350 m/s and had a jet diameter at the nozzle of 1•10 -3 m. A detailed description of the hydrodynamic part of the water jet, its characteristics andthe methods for determining the average speed, momentum and energy of the jet can be found in Atanov [27], Pogrebnyak et al [28] or Brenner et al [29]. To qualitatively assess the energy capabilities of the jet in the experiments, we studied the interaction between the jet and the obstacle installed on a physical pendulum.…”

Section: Perforation Of Oil and Gas Wells By A High-velocity Jet Of P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for Developing Resource-Saving Technologies in Mineral Mining and Processing

Lazăr¹,

CHUKHAREV²

2022

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The multi-authored monograph Prospects for developing resource-saving technologies in mineral mining and processing is brought to your attention. Problems of environmental management have always been important for humanity. Yet, they have acquired the greatest relevance in recent years as human economic activity have greatly affected the natural environment. There is a need to develop scientific principles of environmental management based on the principles of sustainable use of natural resources via resource-saving technologies and optimal placement of production facilities. The monograph considers application of resource-saving technologies to mining mineral deposits. The authors apply a comprehensive approach to solving this problem by analyzing the entire range of works related to mining and processing of minerals. The monograph examines resource-saving technologies in open pit and underground mining of ore and non-metallic minerals. The monograph is intended for a wide audience of mining scientists, practitioners, postgraduates and students.

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“…Certainly, the rheology of the turbulent streams of direct oil emulsions is also strongly affected by the conformation of the macromolecules. This is manifested, above all, in a significant difference in the size and shape of the macromolecular globules in the laminar and turbulent streams, especially in view of the velocity gradient in the transverse and longitudinal directions in turbulent streams [17,18]. Under the experimental conditions, another factor affecting the conformation ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÁÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ of the macromolecules of the copolymer is a fairly high thermodynamic and kinetic flexibility of the units in the macromolecules of the acrylamide copolymers [19].…”

Section: The Toms Effect T Was Calculated By the Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toms Effect in Direct Crude Oil Emulsions as Influenced by the Stream Velocity and Concentration of Anionic Copolymers of Acrylamide

2005

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The major relationships in the Toms effect in direct crude oil emulsions differing in the dispersed phase concentration were studied on a modified turbulent rheometer with anionic copolymer of acrylamide as the polymer additive. The Toms effect was studied as influenced by the polymeric additive concentration and shear stress.One of the most important and urgent problems currently faced by the oil extraction industry is development of efficient, scientifically sound power-saving technologies accelerating high-speed pipeline transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials [1,2]. Unlike laboratory experiments, real processes yield a waterrich end product, which creates additional problems. In view of the fact that the water enrichment of the extracted crude oil tends to increase with increasing time of exploitation of wells [3], this necessitates a search for new methods of intensifying the transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials. This concerns not only dehydrated but also water-enriched oil-containing dispersed systems with a complex composition, above all, direct (oil-in-water) and reverse (water-in-oil) emulsions [4,5].In this situation, much promise is offered by polymeric additives (PAs) introduced into the dispersion medium in minor amounts in order to reduce the hydraulic resistance in turbulent streams of disperse systems (Toms effect). The Toms effect was most successfully applied to dehydrated oil [6,7]. Good performance of PAs can be illustrated by the results of the tests on the 125-km long Tikhoretsk3Novorossiisk main crude oil pipeline with the internal diameter of the pipe of 0.8 m [8]. With nonpolar high-molecularweight polyhexene in the concentration of 8 g cm !3 as additive, the oil transportation was considerably accelerated owing to a 20% decrease in the friction loss.Good performance of polyolefin-based nonpolar polymeric additives as turbulence [quenchers] in oil streams was also confirmed by experiments on pumping dehydrated oil through the Aleksandrovskoe3 Anzhero3Sudzhensk main pipeline (oil density 850 kg m !3 ; kinematic viscosity 5 0 10 !6 m 2 s !1 ;Reynolds number Re = 3.5 0 10 5 at shear stress of 3 Pa) [9].The promise of ionic and nonionic water-soluble (co)polymers for decreasing the hydrodynamic resistance in oil-containing disperse systems is understood to a much lesser extent. There are only fragmentary data confirming the suitability for this purpose of water-soluble polymer additives [10] whose essential properties need to be characterized more precisely [11]. At the same time, development of technologies of high-speed transportation of oil streams using water-soluble PAs is well justified: They showed the best performance in development and application of industrial technologies intensifying high-speed transportation of water streams [12,13].Here, we continue our previous studies [14] by quantitatively analyzing the Toms effect as influenced by the concentration of water-soluble PAs (anionic copolymers of acrylamide) and by the velocity of the turbulent streams of direct oil em...

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Hydrodynamic activity of polymers in high-speed flows

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Toms Effect in Model and Real Systems

Toms Effect in Model and Real Systems

Prospects for Developing Resource-Saving Technologies in Mineral Mining and Processing

Toms Effect in Direct Crude Oil Emulsions as Influenced by the Stream Velocity and Concentration of Anionic Copolymers of Acrylamide

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