Hydrocarbons and Organochlorine Pesticides in Soils of the Urban Ecosystem of Chillán and Chillán Viejo, Chile

Henríquez, Marta; Becerra, José; Barra, Ricardo; Rojas, Jorge

doi:10.4067/s0717-97072006000300002

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Table 2 shows the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) content of urban soils in Pisa. The TPH content was in a wide range of between 38.3 and 419.1 mg kg -1 dry soil, which is comparable with values reported by several authors in soils from many cities worldwide (Müller et al 2001;Adeniyi and Afolabi 2002;Azimi et al 2005;Henriquez et al 2006;Aichner et al 2007;Pies et al 2007;Morillo et al 2007;Manzo et al 2008;Teaf et al 2008;Ma et al 2009). The highest level of TPH was in a green space located close to a gas station and a flowerbed traffic divider, in which there were clear signs of the disposal of bituminous material from a recent tarmacking of the adjacent road.…”

Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 89%

Characterization and origin of organic and inorganic pollution in urban soils in Pisa (Tuscany, Italy)

Cardelli

Vanni

Marchini

et al. 2017

Environ Monit Assess

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We assessed the quality of 31 urban soils in Pisa by analyzing total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and the platinum group elements (PGEs). The risk was evaluated by the geological accumulation index (I ) and the enrichment factor (EF). Results were compared with those obtained from a non-urban site and with the quantitative limits fixed by Italian legislation. In nearly all the monitored sites, the legal limit for TPH of 60 mg/kg in residential areas was exceeded, indicating widespread and intense pollution throughout the entire city area. The I indicated no Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn pollution and minimal Pb and Cr pollution due to anthropogenic enrichment. Legal Hg and Zn limits of 1 and 150 mg/kg, respectively, were exceeded in about 20% of sites; Cd (2 mg/kg), Cr (150 mg/kg), and Cu (120 mg/kg) in only one site; and the Ni legal limit of 120 mg/kg was never exceeded. Some urban soils showed a higher Hg level than the more restrictive legal limit of 5 mg/kg concerning areas for industrial use. Based on the soluble, exchangeable, and carbonate-bound fractions, Mn and Zn showed the highest mobility, suggesting a more potential risk of soil contamination than the other metals. The TPH and both Cr and Hg amounts were not correlated with any of the other monitored metals. The total contents of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in soils were positively correlated with each other, suggesting a common origin from vehicular traffic. The PGE values (Pt and Pd) were below the detection limits in 75%-90% of the monitored areas, suggesting that their accumulation is at an early stage.

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Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 89%

Characterization and origin of organic and inorganic pollution in urban soils in Pisa (Tuscany, Italy)

Cardelli

Vanni

Marchini

et al. 2017

Environ Monit Assess

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“…However, concentrations in the present study were higher than in rural soils of southern Chiapas, [42] where average values of 0.006-8.5 ng g ¡1 were observed ( Table 5). The concentrations obtained in the present work were lower than found in some other countries, such as case studies of agricultural and rural soils in Chile, Vietnam, China and Uganda; [43][44][45] but higher than in agricultural soils of Argentina and South Korea [46,47] (Table 5). …”

Section: Hydrocarbonscontrasting

confidence: 76%

Evaluation of hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides and their tolerant microorganisms from an agricultural soil to define its bioremediation feasibility

Islas-García

Vega

Aguilar-López

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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The concentrations of hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), nutrients and tolerant microorganisms in an agricultural soil from a locality in Tepeaca, Puebla, Mexico, were determined to define its feasibility for bioremediation. The OCPs detected were heptachlor, aldrin, trans-chlordane, endosulfán I, endosulfán II, 1,1,1-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-trichloroethane (4,4'-DDT), 1,1-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethene (4,4'-DDE) and endrin aldehyde, with values of 0.69-30.81 ng g(-1). The concentration of hydrocarbons in the soil of Middle Hydrocarbons Fraction (MHF), C10 to C28, was 4608-27,748 mg kg(-1) and 1117-19,610 mg kg(-1) for Heavy Hydrocarbons Fraction (HHF), C28 to C35, due to an oil spill from the rupture of a pipeline. The soil was deficient in nitrogen (0.03-0.07%) and phosphorus (0 ppm), and therefore it was advisable to fertilize to bio-stimulate the native microorganisms of soil. In the soil samples, hydrocarbonoclast fungi 3.72 × 10(2) to 44.6 × 10(2) CFU g(-1) d.s. and hydrocarbonoclast bacteria (0.17 × 10(5) to 8.60 × 10(5) CFU g(-1) d.s.) were detected, with a tolerance of 30,000 mg kg(-1) of diesel. Moreover, pesticideclast fungi (5.13 × 10(2) to 42.2 × 10(2) CFU g(-1) d.s.) and pesticideclast bacteria (0.15 × 10(5) to 9.68 × 10(5) CFU g(-1) d.s.) were determined with tolerance to 20 mg kg(-1) of OCPs. Fungi and bacteria tolerant to both pollutants were also quantified. Therefore, native microorganisms had potential to be stimulated to degrade hydrocarbons and pesticides or both pollutants. The concentration of pollutants and the microbial activity analyzed indicated that bioremediation of the soil contaminated with hydrocarbons and pesticides using bio-stimulation of native microorganisms was feasible.

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“…The contamination of soils by other chemicals, such as petroleum derivatives and organochlorines, has mainly been associated with industrial activities outside the boundaries of cities. However, with the growth of the urban population, they have been absorbed by urban areas, such as in Valparaíso, Concepción and Santiago, and there are also cities with industrial activities, such as Quintero, Puchuncaví and Talcahuano [1,[35][36][37][38][39]. Despite the urgent need for sustainable clean-up processes, applications of microbial bioremediation in Chile are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic Evaluation of Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Urban Soils in Chile

et al. 2022

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Technical advances have converted bioremediation into a large-scale ecosystem service suitable for the treatment of polluted soils worldwide; however, its application in Chile is scarce. The main hurdles that must be addressed include the capacities of such approaches for the treatment of polluted soils, the lack of knowledge about key factors affecting bioremediation costs and the lack of a legal framework to regulate this activity. In this study, the economic performance of the bioremediation of chronically hydrocarbon-polluted urban soils based on bioaugmentation, biostimulation or the combination of both approaches projected to an industrial scale was evaluated. The cost of bioremediation ranged between USD 50.7 and USD 310.4 per m3 of contaminated soil. In addition, the items and activities that had the most significant impacts on the final bioremediation cost, such as compost for biostimulation and bacterial growth media for bioaugmentation-based approaches, were identified. The projected costs were compared against an extensive database of 130 soil bioremediation projects. The bioremediation treatment costs fell within the top 60% of the more expensive projects, highlighting the high effort involved in bioremediation of chronically contaminated soils. This framework can facilitate the decision making of entrepreneurs, consultants, researchers and governmental authorities when launching initiatives to develop a local bioremediation industry capable of cleaning up a high number of polluted sites in Chile.

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Hydrocarbons and Organochlorine Pesticides in Soils of the Urban Ecosystem of Chillán and Chillán Viejo, Chile

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Characterization and origin of organic and inorganic pollution in urban soils in Pisa (Tuscany, Italy)

Characterization and origin of organic and inorganic pollution in urban soils in Pisa (Tuscany, Italy)

Evaluation of hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides and their tolerant microorganisms from an agricultural soil to define its bioremediation feasibility

Economic Evaluation of Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Urban Soils in Chile

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