Hydrazine determination in sludge samples by high-performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

A relatively simple and cost-effective method utilizing HPLC with UV detection was developed to detect and quantify hydrazine in sludge samples. The method was developed primarily for sludge samples, but it can also be applicable to soil and other environmental samples. The hydrazines in the matrices were derivatized to hydrazones with benzaldehyde. The hydrazones were separated using HPLC with an RP C-18 column in an isocratic mode with methanol-water (95:5 v/v) and detected with UV detection at 313 nm. The detection limit (25 microL injection) for the method is 0.02 microg/mL of hydrazine.

Iron(III) Oxide Graphite Composite Electrodes: Application to the Electroanalytical Detection of Hydrazine and Hydrogen Peroxide

“…The peak current values showed a strong linear correlation with hydrazine concentration with a limit of detection (based on 3 sigma) for hydrazine of 1.2 mM and sensitivity of 0.0445 A s À1 . Note that this detection limit is corresponding to existing methodologies, both electrochemical methods (Table 1), and spectrochemical techniques [28,29].…”

Simple and sensitive determination of hydrazine in drinking water by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry after derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dialdehyde

“…To determine the optimal derivatization conditions, the reaction was performed for various amounts of OPA, NDA, and ADA (1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/L in solution) and reaction times (1,15,30,45, 60, 75, and 90 min) at room temperature in water. The derivatization efficiencies were calculated at various temperatures (25, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 • C) and acidities (pH range between 1 and 7) at room temperature.…”

“…In particular, the reaction with propyl chloroformate [28] results in three products (i.e., bi-, tri-, and tetra-derivatives), which make the quantification of hydrazine challenging. HPLC methods also require derivatization reagents, such as 4-chloro-5,7-dinitrobenzofurazan [20,31], cinnamaldehyde [29], benzaldehyde [30], and naphthalene-2,3-dialdehyde (NDA) [32][33][34][35]. The most sensitive HPLC method for the determination of hydrazine in water involves the fluorescent derivatization of hydrazine with NDA [32][33][34][35], which yields a hydrazine detection limit of 0.05 g/L.…”

“…GC methods for hydrazine have been developed using electron capture detection [21], nitrogen-selective detection [22,23], flame-ionization detection [24], mass spectrometry (MS) [23,[25][26][27], and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) [19,28]. HPLC methods have also been developed using diode array detection [20,[29][30][31] and fluorescence detection [32][33][34][35]. Both the GC and LC methods require a derivatization step for the sensitive detection of hydrazine.…”

Europium ion post-functionalized zirconium metal–organic frameworks as luminescent probes for effectively sensing hydrazine hydrate

“…Many conventional analytical approaches have been employed to detect trace amounts of hydrazine, which include gas chromatography, 14,15 HPLC, 16,17 capillary electrophoresis, 18 titrimetry 19 and electrochemical techniques. [20][21][22] Among them, electrochemical analysis has been considered as a fast, sensitive and precise methodology with low limit of detection for hydrazine recognition.…”