Hydraulic Geometry, GIS and Remote Sensing, Techniques against Rainfall-Runoff Models for Estimating Flood Magnitude in Ephemeral Fluvial Systems

Conesa-García, Carmelo; Caselles-Miralles, V.; Tomas, Juan M. Sanchez; García-Lorenzo, Rafael

doi:10.3390/rs2112607

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The same risk would apply to the Pajero Jeep at P5, P7, P8, B6, and B7. Heavy vehicles (W4D and similar) were found on beaches or areas around the mouths of the ephemeral streams of Benipila, Pastrana, Ramonete, and Moreras after the flash floods of September 7, 1989, October 23, 2000 (Conesa‐García & García‐García, ), September 28, 2009 (La Opinión, ), and August 17, 2010 (Conesa‐García, Caselles‐Miralles, Sánchez‐Tomás, & García‐Lorenzo, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood hazards at ford stream crossings on ephemeral channels (south‐east coast of Spain)

Conesa-García

García-Lorenzo²,

Pérez‐Cutillas

2016

Hydrological Processes

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Most road‐stream crossings over ephemeral channels are vulnerable to extreme hydrologic events. Ford stream crossings (FSCs) are usually dangerous for the road traffic during periods of high flow, in particular under flash flood conditions. The present paper analyzes the flood hazards on the Mediterranean coast in the Region of Murcia (south‐east Spain), affecting this type of road‐stream crossing over dry channels, according to hydraulic variables and bedload transport rates estimated for discharges at bankfull and flood‐prone stages. Under such conditions, the safety of people and vehicles was obtained using numerical models, developed by previous researchers; in particular, water levels and flow velocities across ford reaches were compared with different trend curves between water depths and corresponding critical velocities for children and adults, and for various prototype vehicles. Specifically, two approaches to assess this type of hazards were proposed: a specific Hydraulic Hazard Index and an algorithm for estimating the flood hazard from criteria of bed stability and bedload transport capacity (Flood Hazard at Fords, FHF). In addition, different exposure levels were established, using a Flood Vulnerability Index, based on the FHF, the road category, and the annual average daily traffic. The FHF model gave the best results with regard to the magnitude of the damage observed in recent flash floods for flow stages similar to those simulated. According to the danger thresholds established for this index, half‐bankfull flows represent here a high risk: 27.3% of FSCs for mini‐cars and 18.2% for large cars. At bankfull, the FHF exhibits very high values for mini‐cars (77.3% of FSCs) and for large passenger vehicles (50% of FSCs), while at the floodprone stage, extreme FHF values are reached for all kinds of vehicles at most of the ford crossings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood hazards at ford stream crossings on ephemeral channels (south‐east coast of Spain)

Conesa-García

García-Lorenzo²,

Pérez‐Cutillas

2016

Hydrological Processes

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“…Discharge does not depend on the stage alone. It is also a function of longitudinal slope of river, geometry of the specific cross-section, and the Manning coefficient [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability of the channel geometry, together with the observed maximum water levels, help develop a new rating curve and provides an in situ calibration for the KALAYA basin. Therefore, when this data is added to the high-resolution of the surveyed cross sections, it might provide a much better alternative when compared to the standard hydro-meteorological approaches [8].…”

Section: Instantaneous Flows Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Peak Discharge in a Poorly Gauged Catchment Based on a Specified Hyetograph Model and Geomorphological Parameters: Case Study for the 23–24 October 2008 Flood, KALAYA Basin, Tangier, Morocco

Khaddor

Achab

jbara³

et al. 2019

Hydrology

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The determination of discharge from stage measurement is an essential procedure in surface hydrology. Due to limited data availability in terms of discharges and rainfalls, a number of non-flood water levels have been used for deriving a rating curve based on an indirect method with specific cross-sections, longitudinal slope of the river, and bed roughness at the KALAYA gage station. In addition, instantaneous rainfall recordings across the Meloussa gage station are available from 23 October 2008 storm event that have been collected in order to develop temporal distribution (hyetograph). Thereby, it provides the necessary input to generate a continuous rainfall-runoff time series, with the derived instantaneous discharge allowed us to calibrate the simulated stage-discharge hydrograph that covers the entire time of the storm event period from 23 to 24 October. An empirical equation was derived in order to provide the peak flow as a function of the given rainfall quantities, its standard deviation, and its standard deviation error. As a result, a very positive correlation between Runoff and Rainfall was observed with values of 0.999. Additional tests were performed to generate a peak discharge of approximately 486 m3/s, using the observed hyetograph and calibrating CN, Lagtime, and Initial abstraction. The results would improve the quality of the model since it allows for a more precise hyetograph to be simulated over a smaller area.

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“…Ludwig and Schneider, 2006). More directly, hydraulic processes involved in flooding have been modelled to estimate flood magnitudes (Conesa-Garcia et al, 2010;Hostache et al, 2009) and to develop flood inundation models (Schumann et al, 2007). Coupled models using SAR data have been employed in the last few years to useful effect.…”

Section: Natural Disaster Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of ENVISAT ASAR Global Monitoring Mode to complement optical data in the mapping of rapid broad-scale flooding in Pakistan

O’Grady

Leblanc

Gillieson

2011

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Envisat ASAR Global Monitoring Mode (GM) data are used to produce maps of the extent of the flooding in Pakistan which are made available to the rapid response effort within 24 h of acquisition. The high temporal frequency and independence of the data from cloud-free skies makes GM data a viable tool for mapping flood waters during those periods where optical satellite data are unavailable, which may be crucial to rapid response disaster planning, where thousands of lives are affected. Image differencing techniques are used, with pre-flood baseline image backscatter values being deducted from target values to eliminate regions with a permanent flood-like radar response due to volume scattering and attenuation, and to highlight the low response caused by specular reflection by open flood water. The effect of local incidence angle on the received signal is mitigated by ensuring that the deducted image is acquired from the same orbit track as the target image. Poor separability of the water class with land in areas beyond the river channels is tackled using a region-growing algorithm which seeks threshold-conformance from seed pixels at the center of the river channels. The resultant mapped extents are tested against MODIS SWIR data where available, with encouraging results.

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Hydraulic Geometry, GIS and Remote Sensing, Techniques against Rainfall-Runoff Models for Estimating Flood Magnitude in Ephemeral Fluvial Systems

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Flood hazards at ford stream crossings on ephemeral channels (south‐east coast of Spain)

Flood hazards at ford stream crossings on ephemeral channels (south‐east coast of Spain)

Estimation of Peak Discharge in a Poorly Gauged Catchment Based on a Specified Hyetograph Model and Geomorphological Parameters: Case Study for the 23–24 October 2008 Flood, KALAYA Basin, Tangier, Morocco

Use of ENVISAT ASAR Global Monitoring Mode to complement optical data in the mapping of rapid broad-scale flooding in Pakistan

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