Hydraulic Erosion Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

Abstract

This paper presents a new technique for modification of 3D terrains by hydraulic erosion. It efficiently couples fluid simulation using a Lagrangian approach, namely the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, and a physically-based erosion model adopted from an Eulerian approach. The eroded sediment is associated with the SPH particles and is advected both implicitly, due to the particle motion, and explicitly, through an additional velocity field, which accounts for the sediment transfer between the particles. We propose a new donor-acceptor scheme for the explicit advection in SPH. Boundary particles associated to the terrain are used to mediate sediment exchange between the SPH particles and the terrain itself. Our results show that this particle-based method is efficient for the erosion of dense, large, and sparse fluid. Our implementation provides interactive results for scenes with up to 25,000 particles.

Analyses, Simulations, and Physical Modeling Validation of Levee and Embankment Erosion

“…They represent the terrain as a height fields and model how water dissolves, transports, and re-deposits soil according to the sediment capacity of water and the gradient of the terrain. Since then, several erosion simulation techniques based on height fields or layered height fields have been proposed (Benes & Forsbach 2001, Neidhold et al 2005, and Kristof et al 2009). Benes et al (2006) presented a method that couples fluid simulation and hydraulic erosion on 3D grid cells.…”

“…Wojtan et al (2007) introduced a method based on cell grids and level sets for simulating various natural phenomena, such as erosion, sediment and acid corrosion. Kristof et al (2009) presented a simulation method coupling Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) and height fields, using particles to represent fluid and terrain surfaces and height fields to represent terrain volume. However their method is not able to model some natural phenomena including overhangs.…”

A Particle-based Dissolution Model using Chemical Collision Energy

“…(Beneš et al, 2006) proposed a solution for erosion simulation by using Navier-Stokes equations, while (Wojtan et al, 2007) animated corrosion and erosion by driving the fluids with a finite difference simulation and presenting the solid by advecting the level sets inward. (Krištof et al, 2009) used an SPH based method to simulate erosion, where the erosion model is adapted from an Eulerian approach. The erosion rate used in (Krištof et al, 2009;Wojtan et al, 2007) is derived from the power law, which unfortunately requires a large number of parameters to control, making it impractical for use by an animator.…”

“…(Krištof et al, 2009) used an SPH based method to simulate erosion, where the erosion model is adapted from an Eulerian approach. The erosion rate used in (Krištof et al, 2009;Wojtan et al, 2007) is derived from the power law, which unfortunately requires a large number of parameters to control, making it impractical for use by an animator. In this paper we demonstrate two practical erosion examples, including one which demonstrates the specification of non-homogeneous solutes forming a natural layering stratum.…”

SPH Modeling of Surge Overflow over RCC Strengthened Levee

“…Shear stress for the erosion process can be obtained as [21]: (6) where is the shear stress, k is the shear stress constant, taken as 1.0. is the shear rate and n is the flow behavior index, taken as 0.5. The shear rate can be approximated as: (7) where l rel is the distance between flow particle and landform particle.…”