“…The optimization algorithms previously used to solve this design optimization problem include GA3, 56 GA4, 35 APSO, IAPSO, MBA, LCA, WCA, DE, SC, NM-PSO, PSO-DE, HPSO, 29 CPSO, 24 CAEP, GA1, hybrid PSO-GA (HPSO), 39 ABC2, 40 and GA2. Table 5 presents the comparison of optimal solutions provided by the previously reported algorithms and proposed DAPSO-GA. From Table 5, a new optimal solution, which is better than those provided by previously proposed algorithms, is found by the proposed DAPSO-GA with the objective function value of 1.6600473.…”