Hybrid of bamboo charcoal and silica by tetraethoxysilane hydrolysis over acid catalyst reinforced styrene‐butadiene rubber

Abstract

The hybrid of bamboo charcoal (BCC) and silica‐reinforced styrene‐butadiene rubber was prepared by a modified sol–gel method of hydrolyzing tetraethoxysilane over an acid catalyst. The fracture surface of the samples after tensile test was characterized by field emission‐scanning electron microscopy. The tensile strength, storage modulus, hardness, friction coefficient, and swelling test were discussed based on the samples with or without 3‐(methacryloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane modification. The results showed that the storage modulus clearly increased with the increasing of silica contents among the hybrid of BCC and silica‐reinforced samples. The storage modulus of the sample decreased after modification by 3‐(methacryloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane, indicating the improvement of the filler in SBR matrix. The tensile stress and the hardness both increased with the increasing of silica contents in the SBR matrix. Besides, the friction coefficient and the swelling ratio for the hybrid of BCC and silica‐reinforced SBR decreased with the decreasing of BCC contents in SBR matrix. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46219.

Effect of Different Silane Coupling Agents In-Situ Modified Sepiolite on the Structure and Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Prepared by Latex Compounding Method

“…Our modification mechanism [ 38 , 39 , 40 ] involved the hydrolysis of Si–O–C 2 H 5 in the silane coupling agent and the subsequent condensation of hydroxyl groups on the surface of sepiolite, with C=C in VTES, -HS- in MPTES, and –S 4 – in TESPT all able to participate in the vulcanization process of natural rubber and form strong chemical bonds. Hydrolysis of silane coupling agents is known to be slow, often requiring the addition of acid to promote hydrolysis [ 41 , 42 ] and improve the efficiency of hydroxyl condensation with the inorganic filler surface. Capitalizing on the acidic conditions of sepiolite during depolymerization activation, we employed a one-step activation modification method to prepare in situ silane-modified sepiolite.…”

Synergistic effect of hybrid montmorillonite materials on the wear resistance of natural rubber/butadiene rubber composites

“…The commonly used reagent for in-situ generation of SiO 2 by the sol-gel method is ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), which is relatively expensive and toxic. 22,23 The TEOS reaction is divided into two steps: namely hydrolysis and condensation. The sol-gel method can effectively control the particle size and distribution of SiO 2 , and SiO 2 can be more uniformly dispersed in the rubber system.…”

“…After aging for a period of time, a stable sol system is obtained. The commonly used reagent for in‐situ generation of SiO 2 by the sol–gel method is ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), which is relatively expensive and toxic 22,23 . The TEOS reaction is divided into two steps: namely hydrolysis and condensation.…”

Effects of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane grafting and in situ silica particle generation on the curing and mechanical properties of a styrene butadiene rubber composite

“…The methods for the preparation of graed rubber include thermal gra copolymerization [17][18][19][20] and irradiation graing polymerization. [21][22][23] Second, the generation of the in situ silica in the rubber matrix by the sol-gel reaction of TEOS is another effective technology, and this technology has been used in various rubber forms, such as solid rubber, 24,25 rubber latex 26,27 and rubber solution. [28][29][30] Third, combining the graed rubber with sol-gel technology using TEOS to improve the properties of silica/rubber compounds is the most effective method of all.…”