Hybrid heart valves with VEGF-loaded zwitterionic hydrogel coating for improved anti-calcification and re-endothelialization

Engineering exosomes to reshape the immune microenvironment in breast cancer: Molecular insights and therapeutic opportunities

“…39 Given that cationic liposomes tend to bind more effectively to target cell membranes with a negative surface charge, this leads to enhanced absorption of nanoparticle-coating exosomes by the target cells. 39 Fascinatingly, diverse liposomes exhibit distinct properties, resulting in variations in the characteristics of engineered exosomes. In a study by Han et al, fusion nanocarriers composed of photothermal sensitive liposomes and exosomes were employed.…”

“…It can alter the surface charge, influence interactions with biological entities and modulate the release kinetics of cargo molecules. For example, the fusion of tumour‐derived exosomes and cationic liposomes can yield hybrid lipid nanovesicles characterized by positive surface charge 39 . Given that cationic liposomes tend to bind more effectively to target cell membranes with a negative surface charge, this leads to enhanced absorption of nanoparticle‐coating exosomes by the target cells 39 .…”

“…For example, the fusion of tumour‐derived exosomes and cationic liposomes can yield hybrid lipid nanovesicles characterized by positive surface charge 39 . Given that cationic liposomes tend to bind more effectively to target cell membranes with a negative surface charge, this leads to enhanced absorption of nanoparticle‐coating exosomes by the target cells 39 . Fascinatingly, diverse liposomes exhibit distinct properties, resulting in variations in the characteristics of engineered exosomes.…”

Biomedical Application of Decellularized Scaffolds

“…47−49 (2) the retained microstructure of the tissue can maintain a high mechanical similarity with the natural tissue, and provides a mechanical support for inducing tissue regeneration after implantation. 50 (3) the residual ECM in cells can provide suitable physiological environment for cell attachment, growth, and biochemical signals transduction. 51−55 Due to these characteristics of decellularized scaffolds, it has attracted widespread attention in tissue engineering.…”

“…The limited resources of transplanted tissues and organs and the rejection of allogeneic tissues have greatly hindered the probability of tissue repair. Acellular scaffolds derived from autologous can effectively overcome these problems and provide more possibilities for tissue repair. , Compared with other traditional scaffolds, decellularized scaffolds have the following advantages: (1) the removed cell components and antigens in decellularized scaffolds can effectively reduce the risks of inflammation and immune rejection at the graft site. − (2) the retained microstructure of the tissue can maintain a high mechanical similarity with the natural tissue, and provides a mechanical support for inducing tissue regeneration after implantation . (3) the residual ECM in cells can provide suitable physiological environment for cell attachment, growth, and biochemical signals transduction. − Due to these characteristics of decellularized scaffolds, it has attracted widespread attention in tissue engineering.…”