Hybrid Dysgenesis in
            <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

Jc, Bregliano; Picard, Georges; Bucheton, Alain; Pélisson, Alain; Lavige, J.-M.; L’Héritier, Ph.

doi:10.1126/science.6766221

Cited by 143 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Strains of this type are described as inducer (I) within the I-R system, or paternally contributing (P) within the P-M system. It has been suggested for both systems that this chromosomal factor may be a transposable element (Bregliano et a!., 1980) and recent evidence would support this Bingham et a!., 1982). Within each of the systems any cross between a female carrying the cytoplasmic factor and a male carrying the chromosomal factor (Cross A) results in Fl progeny which display a range of dysgenic traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila melanogaster: The frequency and distribution of male recombination events

Eggleston

1984

Heredity

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The frequency and distribution of male recombination events induced in dysgenic hybrids of Drosophila melanogaster has been investigated. Two wild-type inbred lines extracted from the "Texas" population were shown to differ substantially in the location of chromosome breakage points, thereby providing evidence that populations display heterogeneity of integration sites for the transposable elements responsible for dysgenic interactions. An attempt has been made to relate these data to current views on the molecular basis of hybrid dysgenesis.Evidence is provided which suggests that male recombination, SF female sterility and GD female sterility are induced by the same mobile genetic elements, indicating an identiy of the P-M and I-R interaction systems. The basis of the reported independence of these systems is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, there is the I-R system which is characterised by SF sterility, increased mutation rates and non-disjunction but in which dysgenic male effects are reportedly absent (Bregliano et a!., 1980). Secondly, there is the P-M system which is characterised by GD sterility and also by the occurrence of male recombination (Kidwell, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila melanogaster: The frequency and distribution of male recombination events

Eggleston

1984

Heredity

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“…The kinetics of appearance of this new piRNA production is not clear, but some functional evidence has been provided from previous studies concerning the repression capacity inheritance of the I-factor and of the P-element (Kidwell et al 1977;Bucheton 1978;Engels 1979). In both systems, it appears that establishment of repressive capacities, following paternal inheritance of I-or P-elements carrying genomes in a cytoplasm devoid of I-or P-homologous piRNAs, is progressive and require several generations to be completed (Engels 1979(Engels , 1989Bregliano et al 1980;Finnegan 1989;Rio 2002). For example, experiments were performed with a line [Lk-P(1A)] carrying only two regulatory P-elements inserted in a telomeric strong piRNA-producing locus (TAS) (Coen et al 1994;Ronsseray et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paramutation inDrosophilaRequires Both Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Actors of the piRNA Pathway and InducesCis-spreading of piRNA Production

et al. 2015

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Transposable element activity is repressed in the germline in animals by PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a class of small RNAs produced by genomic loci mostly composed of TE sequences. The mechanism of induction of piRNA production by these loci is still enigmatic. We have shown that, in Drosophila melanogaster, a cluster of tandemly repeated P-lacZ-white transgenes can be activated for piRNA production by maternal inheritance of a cytoplasm containing homologous piRNAs. This activated state is stably transmitted over generations and allows trans-silencing of a homologous transgenic target in the female germline. Such an epigenetic conversion displays the functional characteristics of a paramutation, i.e., a heritable epigenetic modification of one allele by the other. We report here that piRNA production and trans-silencing capacities of the paramutated cluster depend on the function of the rhino, cutoff, and zucchini genes involved in primary piRNA biogenesis in the germline, as well as on that of the aubergine gene implicated in the ping-pong piRNA amplification step. The 21-nt RNAs, which are produced by the paramutated cluster, in addition to 23-to 28-nt piRNAs are not necessary for paramutation to occur. Production of these 21-nt RNAs requires Dicer-2 but also all the piRNA genes tested. Moreover, cytoplasmic transmission of piRNAs homologous to only a subregion of the transgenic locus can generate a strong paramutated locus that produces piRNAs along the whole length of the transgenes. Finally, we observed that maternally inherited transgenic small RNAs can also impact transgene expression in the soma. In conclusion, paramutation involves both nuclear (Rhino, Cutoff) and cytoplasmic (Aubergine, Zucchini) actors of the piRNA pathway. In addition, since it is observed between nonfully homologous loci located on different chromosomes, paramutation may play a crucial role in epigenome shaping in Drosophila natural populations.KEYWORDS gene regulation; trans-generational epigenetics; noncoding small RNAs; mobile DNA; Drosophila G ENOMES must confront the presence of a large fraction of mobile DNA whose activity can result in severe deleterious effects on chromosome stability and gametogenesis. In the germline of animals, a system of genomic traps exists into which any transposable element (TE) can insert, thereby generating loci that contain a catalog of potentially dangerous sequences that have to be repressed (Brennecke et al. 2007;Pane et al. 2011;Iwasaki et al. 2015). In the Drosophila melanogaster germline, most of these loci are transcribed in both directions (dual-strand clusters) and undergo noncanonical transcription and RNA processing (Mohn et al. 2014;Zhang et al. 2014). This results in production of noncoding small RNAs having the capacity to target the transcripts of the homologous, potentially active, TE copies scattered throughout the genome. These small RNAs are called PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and repress TE activity at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels (Sa...

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“…The fact that D. melanogaster exhibits at least two systems of hybrid dysgenesis has led many authors to deduce a possible occurrence of hybrid dysgenic systems among other species (see review in Bregliano et al, 1980). The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of hybrid dysgenesis in D. simulans, mainly by investigating the gonadal dysgenesis phenomenon, and to discuss implications about the evolution of the P-M system from the results obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hybrid sterility in Drosophila simulans: Relationships with the hybrid dysgenesis syndrome in Drosophila melanogaster

Périquet

1981

Heredity

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Hybrid Dysgenesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 143 publications

References 58 publications

Hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila melanogaster: The frequency and distribution of male recombination events

Hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila melanogaster: The frequency and distribution of male recombination events

Paramutation inDrosophilaRequires Both Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Actors of the piRNA Pathway and InducesCis-spreading of piRNA Production

Hybrid sterility in Drosophila simulans: Relationships with the hybrid dysgenesis syndrome in Drosophila melanogaster

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