Abstract:This paper introduces and further applies an approach to support the decision makers in construction projects differentiating among a variety of deep excavation supporting systems (DESSs). These kinds of problems include dealing with uncertainty in data, multi-criteria affecting the decision, and multi-alternatives to select one from them. The proposed approach combines the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (fuzzy TOPSIS) in a mult… Show more
“…The last step is to prioritise each alternative to the ideal solution. Equation 14 is used to calculate the relative closeness [97]. Equation 14 will prioritise the alternatives in decreasing order.…”
Section: Step 4: Optimise Alternative Selectionmentioning
Deep-level underground mining costs in South Africa are continuously rising due to the increased depth at which gold is being mined, resulting in a rise in virgin rock temperature and an increase in cooling requirements. Therefore, mines must evaluate various ventilation and cooling optimisation projects required to be implemented throughout their life of mine (LOM). This study develops a method to identify and prioritise large capital expenditure (CAPEX) underground environmental improvement projects, to improve thermal comfort underground. The solution presents a ‘multi-criteria decision-making’ (MCDM) process, incorporating the ‘analytic hierarchy process’ (AHP) and the ‘technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution’ (TOPSIS) into the method to provide for scientific decision-making. These projects are evaluated based on four criteria, namely project risk, the impact on the underground thermal comfort, cost, and implementation time. This study’s solution uses ventilation simulations to determine the impact of the projects on the underground environment. The identification and evaluation of an environmental improvement project to best suit the current economic climate, while improving underground conditions and decreasing the safety risk is an essential aspect of the solution developed in this study. The method was implemented on a mechanised deep-level underground mine and showed that surface refrigeration is the most suitable alternative, which was implemented at the case study mine as validation of the developed solution. The study proves that the MCDM method is an adequate solution to incorporate subjective criteria into the decision-making process, resulting in a scientific and structured approach to making significant and complex decisions.
“…The last step is to prioritise each alternative to the ideal solution. Equation 14 is used to calculate the relative closeness [97]. Equation 14 will prioritise the alternatives in decreasing order.…”
Section: Step 4: Optimise Alternative Selectionmentioning
Deep-level underground mining costs in South Africa are continuously rising due to the increased depth at which gold is being mined, resulting in a rise in virgin rock temperature and an increase in cooling requirements. Therefore, mines must evaluate various ventilation and cooling optimisation projects required to be implemented throughout their life of mine (LOM). This study develops a method to identify and prioritise large capital expenditure (CAPEX) underground environmental improvement projects, to improve thermal comfort underground. The solution presents a ‘multi-criteria decision-making’ (MCDM) process, incorporating the ‘analytic hierarchy process’ (AHP) and the ‘technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution’ (TOPSIS) into the method to provide for scientific decision-making. These projects are evaluated based on four criteria, namely project risk, the impact on the underground thermal comfort, cost, and implementation time. This study’s solution uses ventilation simulations to determine the impact of the projects on the underground environment. The identification and evaluation of an environmental improvement project to best suit the current economic climate, while improving underground conditions and decreasing the safety risk is an essential aspect of the solution developed in this study. The method was implemented on a mechanised deep-level underground mine and showed that surface refrigeration is the most suitable alternative, which was implemented at the case study mine as validation of the developed solution. The study proves that the MCDM method is an adequate solution to incorporate subjective criteria into the decision-making process, resulting in a scientific and structured approach to making significant and complex decisions.
“…The process of evaluating alternatives involves evaluating relative values, judging relative importance, grouping judgments, and analyzing inconsistencies between judgments [15]. Following the calculation of the criteria's weights, alternatives' priorities, and sensitivity analysis results, decision-makers select optimal alternatives [16].…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Step 6 calculates the magnitude of the optimal alternative and other alternatives using Equations ( 13)- (16). Values obtained within this step are shown in Table 6.…”
When a decision must be made, a tool called multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is used to assess and select alternatives among numerous criteria. For a wide variety of complex problems, MCDM methods have demonstrated usefulness in finding the optimal solutions. Despite the abundance of MCDM methods available today, there has been slow progress in developing new methodologies in MCDM in the past decade. In this context, this paper presents new MCDM tools which ranks alternatives based on median similarity (RAMS) between optimal alternatives and other alternatives. RAMS is an extension to the most recently developed technique that used perimeter similarity (RAPS). This paper also introduces a further tool that combines the RAMS method with the multiple criteria ranking by alternative trace (MCRAT) methodology using a majority index and the concept of the VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method. This tool is ranking the alternatives based on the trace to median index (RATMI). An illustration of the use of RAMS and RATMI is given through a case study of ranking different materials for the selection of break booster valve body in a vehicle. The validity of the new two techniques was tested against seven well-known MCDM techniques (ARAS, SAW, TOPSIS, COPRAS, VIKOR, WASPAS, and MOORA) using fifteen real problems data taken from the literature. The RATMI technique was more promising than RAPS and RAMS for 87% and 93% of the fifteen difficulties, respectively, according to the results of the correlation coefficient tests between the developed techniques and the selected seven techniques.
“…There are many previous scholars who have conducted research based on related directions. Issa et al introduced and further applied a method to support decision makers to distinguish various deep excavation support systems (DESSs) in construction projects [20]. Oliveira et al and Sainea-Vargas et al conducted case analyses on the adjacent construction based on geotechnical engineering [21,22].…”
A double-row pile support system combined with existing and additional support piles offers an effective solution for further excavation beneath existing underground space. A large-scale test chamber was therefore built to simulate the whole construction process of underground space extension. Several parallel tests are conducted through observation, data monitoring, and analysis to study the influence of several parameters on an h-type support system containing double-row piles. The relevant parameters include pile row spacing, pile length ratio, pile-head constraint, and in-service foundation pile. The tests reveal that a significant load-transfer effect is generated between the pile rows, and increasing the spacing between pile rows within a certain range can lead to a more reasonable distribution of bending moments and pile force. The displacement of the pile top and its rate of increase are directly proportional to excavation depth, and additional excavation to the bottom of the back-row piles tends to be a critical point, after which the deformation will be significant. The stability of the system varies inversely with the reduction in pile length ratio, but is positively related to the existing pile-head constraint. Furthermore, in-service foundation piles can result in increased bending moments and reduced displacement of the pile top. Finally, the rationality of the model test results was verified according to the numerical simulation and the stability of the double-row piles support system was calculated.
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