Hyaluronan-Coated Extracellular Vesicles—A Novel Link Between Hyaluronan and Cancer

Rilla, Kirsi; Siiskonen, Hanna; Tammi, Markku; Tammi, Raija

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800092-2.00005-8

Cited by 71 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…However, smaller vesicles (~100 nm) have also been described to bud from the plasma membrane and may be isolated together with exosomes [18]. Other modes of release include formation of EVs at the ends of microvillar-like protrusions, which can be accentuated by increased cellular content of hyaluronan [19]. In cancer cells, even larger EVs (1–10 μm in diameter), termed large oncosomes, can bleb off the cell membrane [20,21].…”

Section: Ev Subtypes and Why Vesicles Are Unique Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles: Unique Intercellular Delivery Vehicles

Maas

Breakefield

Weaver

2017

Trends in Cell Biology

1,081

969

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous collection of membrane-bound carriers with complex cargos, including proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. While release of EVs was previously thought to be only a mechanism to discard nonfunctional cellular components, increasing evidence implicates EVs as key players in intercellular and even interorganismal communication. EVs confer stability and can direct their cargoes to specific cell types. EV cargoes also appear to act in a combinatorial manner to communicate directives to other cells. This review will focus on recent findings and knowledge gaps in the area of EV biogenesis, release, and uptake. In addition, we highlight examples whereby EV cargoes control basic cellular functions, including motility and polarization, immune responses, and development, as well as contribute to diseases, such as cancer and neurodegeneration.

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Section: Ev Subtypes and Why Vesicles Are Unique Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles: Unique Intercellular Delivery Vehicles

Maas

Breakefield

Weaver

2017

Trends in Cell Biology

1,081

969

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another release process involves the inward budding of the endosomal membrane, resulting in the formation of multivesicular bodies (MVBs), with exosomes released by fusion of the outer MVB membrane to the plasma membrane (Théry et al 2009; Denzer et al 2000). Vesicles may also be released from nanotubular structures extending from the plasma membrane (Rilla et al 2013, 2014). In addition to the differences in the mode of release, the size of the vesicles is also used for characterization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to Extracellular Vesicles: Biogenesis, RNA Cargo Selection, Content, Release, and Uptake

2016

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Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of membrane-limited vesicles loaded with various proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Release of extracellular vesicles from its cell of origin occurs either through the outward budding of the plasma membrane or through the inward budding of the endosomal membrane, resulting in the formation of multivesicular bodies, which release vesicles upon fusion with the plasma membrane. The release of vesicles can facilitate intercellular communication by contact with or by internalization of contents, either by fusion with the plasma membrane or by endocytosis into “recipient” cells. Although the interest in extracellular vesicle research is increasing, there are still no real standards in place to separate or classify the different types of vesicles. This review provides an introduction into this expanding and complex field of research focusing on the biogenesis, nucleic acid cargo loading, content, release, and uptake of extracellular vesicles.

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“…However, besides stimulating bone formation and reducing bone resorption, the alteration of GAG concentrations has also been reported to correlate with cancer progression by activating oncogenic pathways (92), promoting invasion and metastasis (93), and accelerating shedding of extracellular vesicles (94,95), which have to be carefully evaluated prior to clinical application. An alternative approach could be provided by dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid that was also shown to stimulate an osteoblast phenotype in vivo (96).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Matrix Vesicle Proteome With Hbmsc Proteomementioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoblast-released Matrix Vesicles, Regulation of Activity and Composition by Sulfated and Non-sulfated Glycosaminoglycans

Schmidt

Kliemt

Preissler

et al. 2016

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Our aging population has to deal with the increasing threat of age-related diseases that impair bone healing. One promising therapeutic approach involves the coating of implants with modified glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) that mimic the native bone environment and actively facilitate skeletogenesis. In previous studies, we reported that coatings containing GAGs, such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and its synthetically sulfated derivative (sHA1) as well as the naturally low-sulfated GAG chondroitin sulfate (CS1), reduce the activity of bone-resorbing osteoclasts, but they also induce functions of the bone-forming cells, the osteoblasts. However, it remained open whether GAGs influence the osteoblasts alone or whether they also directly affect the formation, composition, activity, and distribution of osteoblast-released matrix vesicles (MV), which are supposed to be the active machinery for bone formation. Here, we studied the molecular effects of sHA1, HA, and CS1 on MV activity and on the distribution of marker proteins. Furthermore, we used comparative proteomic methods to study the relative protein compositions of isolated MVs and MV-releasing osteoblasts. The MV proteome is much more strongly regulated by GAGs than the cellular proteome. GAGs, especially sHA1, were found to severely impact vesicle-extracellular matrix interaction and matrix vesicle activity, leading to stronger extracellular matrix formation and mineralization. This

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Hyaluronan-Coated Extracellular Vesicles—A Novel Link Between Hyaluronan and Cancer

Cited by 71 publications

References 126 publications

Extracellular Vesicles: Unique Intercellular Delivery Vehicles

Extracellular Vesicles: Unique Intercellular Delivery Vehicles

Introduction to Extracellular Vesicles: Biogenesis, RNA Cargo Selection, Content, Release, and Uptake

Osteoblast-released Matrix Vesicles, Regulation of Activity and Composition by Sulfated and Non-sulfated Glycosaminoglycans

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