Húsz éves avarmanipulációs kísérlet hatásai barna erdőtalaj szén tartalmára és vízkapacitására: Síkfőkút DIRT Project

Fekete, István; Béni, Áron; Juhos, Katalin; Kotroczó, Zsolt

doi:10.1556/0088.2022.00130

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the first few years, especially during the drier periods, the effect of this process was evident, because due to the lack of living vegetation, the amount of evapotranspiration on the NR and NI plots was much lower, and transpiration practically ceased on these plots and the litter cover in the NR plot prevented evaporation from the soil surface. Soil moisture decreased among treatments in the following order: NR (33.5%), NI (30%), DW (24.8%), C (24.1%), DL (23.7%), and NL (22%) [ 21 , 22 ]. Thus, the soil moisture of these significantly exceeded the values measured for the soils of the other treatments, and the breakdown of the roots in the soil was more intense in the wetter soils ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the second measurement period (between 2010 and 2012), the situation changed significantly ( Figure 2 ). Due to the lack of carbon supply from litterfall and living root systems, the carbon content of the soils of litter removal treatments has decreased over the years [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the lower organic matter content and the lack of surface litter cover, the water storage capacity of these soils was significantly limited [ 22 ], therefore we measured the lowest average moisture content among the treatments in the second measurement period (2010–2012). We experienced this even in the case of the No Input treatment, which had the second-highest soil moisture in the first measurement period (after the establishment of the plots).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Changes in Organic Matter Content and Soil Moisture Determine the Degree of Root and Soil Respiration

Kotroczó

Makádi

Kocsis

et al. 2023

Plants

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Carbon in soil is one of the most important indicators of soil fertility. Part of the carbon stored in them is returned to the atmosphere during soil respiration. Climate change and inappropriate land use can accelerate these processes. Our work aimed to determine how soil CO2 emissions change over ten years as a result of litter manipulation treatments. Plots at the Síkfőkút DIRT (Detritus Input and Removal Treatments) experimental site include doubling either leaf litter or wood, and removing all aboveground litter, all root inputs, or removing all litter inputs. With the help of this, we were able to examine not only the effects of the different organic matter intake but also the effects of the different microclimates that occur as a result of the treatments. Total soil respiration (root and microbial respiration) is a result of a persistent lack or excess of soil organic matter relative to soil moisture. Based on our studies, the increase in the intensity of root respiration on wetter soils was only half of the increase in respiration associated with decomposition activity. The sustained growth of leaf litter significantly increases soil respiration, which can be partly explained by the more favorable supply of nutrients to the decomposing organisms, and partly by the more favorable microclimatic conditions, however, these effects were only valid in the case of wetter soils. In the dry summer environment, we experienced higher CO2 emissions during litter removal treatments. In the first period between 2002 and 2004, even wetter root removal treatments showed a significantly higher CO2 emission, while in the period 2010–2012, surface litter removal treatments. The permanent removal of surface litter in the drier summer period resulted in the formation of a dense crack network, which increased the CO2 emission of these soils, which increases the soil organic carbon loss of the soil. Our study proves the advantages of mulching in terms of a more favorable microclimate of the soil surface and a balanced carbon balance of the soil–plant system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Term Changes in Organic Matter Content and Soil Moisture Determine the Degree of Root and Soil Respiration

Kotroczó

Makádi

Kocsis

et al. 2023

Plants

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Residues of Symbiont Cover Crops Improving Corn Growth and Soil-Dependent Health Parameters

Kabalan,

Kovács,

Papdi

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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Cover crops have emerged as a crucial tool in promoting sustainable agricultural practices, particularly in improving soil quality and soil–plant health. This study investigates the impact of single cover crop plants each with varying fungal and/or bacterial symbiosis capacities in a pot experiment. The growth of non-symbiont Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata), the associative bacterium symbiont black oat (Avena strigosa) and the double (fungus–bacterium) endosymbiont broad bean (Vicia faba) was studied on three distinct soil types, namely a less-fertile sandy soil (Arenosol), an average value of loam soil (Luvisol) and a more productive chernozem soil (Chernozem). Beside the biomass production, nitrogen content and frequency of AM fungi symbiosis (MYCO%) of cover crops, the main soil health characteristics of electrical conductivity (EC), labile carbon (POXC) and fluorescein diacetate enzyme activity (FDA) were assessed and evaluated by detailed statistical analysis. Among the used soil types, the greatest biomass production was found on Chernozem soil with the relatively highest soil organic matter (2.81%) content and productivity. Double symbiotic activity, assessed by soil nitrogen content and mycorrhiza frequency (MYCO%), were significantly improved on the lowest-quality Arenosols (SOM 1.16%). In that slightly humous sandy soil, MYCO% was enhanced by 45%, indicating that symbiosis was crucial for plant growth in the less-fertile soil investigated. After the initial cover crop phase, the accumulated biomass was incorporated into the Luvisol (SOM 1.64%) soil, followed by the cultivation of corn (Zea mays, DK 3972) as the main crop. The results indicate that incorporating cover crop residues enhanced labile carbon (POXC) by 20% and significantly increased the FDA microbial activity in the soil, which positively correlated with the nutrient availability and growth of the maize crop. This study emphasizes the importance of selecting suitable cover crops based on their symbiotic characteristics to improve soil quality and enhance soil–plant health in sustainable agricultural systems.

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Characterisation of Luvisols Based on Wide-Scale Biological Properties in a Long-Term Organic Matter Experiment

Kotroczó

Fekete

Juhos

et al. 2023

Biology

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Soil organic matter is a biological system that functions as an integrated whole. These assemblies have different properties, functions, and decomposition times. SOM is one of the main determinants of soil productivity. Our studies were carried out in a temperate deciduous oak forest on Luvisols soil. In the DIRT Project (Detritus Input and Removal Treatments), the following treatments were applied: Double Litter, Double Wood, Control, No Litter, No Root and No Input. Our objective was to compare the effect of withdrawal or doubling of organic matter on the protein pattern of the soil and the biological activity and changes in labile C (permanganate-oxidizable carbon) content in a long-term organic matter manipulation experiment. Patterns of thermostable proteins, soil dehydrogenase enzyme activity, CO2 emission, and POXC content were measured at the most biologically active soil depth of 0–5 cm after 23 years of treatment. Our results show that the enzyme activities of the litter removal treatments were significantly reduced compared to the doubling treatments, as were the values of soil respiration. The same significant difference was also detected in the C content of the soils of the treatments. Based on cluster analysis of the protein profile of the soil samples, the No Litter and No Input treatments were significantly different from the other treatments. This shows that specific organic matter is needed to enhance soil biological activity and the associated POXC content.

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Húsz éves avarmanipulációs kísérlet hatásai barna erdőtalaj szén tartalmára és vízkapacitására: Síkfőkút DIRT Project

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Long-Term Changes in Organic Matter Content and Soil Moisture Determine the Degree of Root and Soil Respiration

Long-Term Changes in Organic Matter Content and Soil Moisture Determine the Degree of Root and Soil Respiration

Residues of Symbiont Cover Crops Improving Corn Growth and Soil-Dependent Health Parameters

Characterisation of Luvisols Based on Wide-Scale Biological Properties in a Long-Term Organic Matter Experiment

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