Hungering for Revenge: the Irish Famine, the Troubles and Shame-Rage Cycles,                 and their Role in Group Therapy in Northern Ireland

Rice, Cecil A.; Benson, Jarlath F.

doi:10.1177/0533316405052380

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Theory and research suggest that recollection of collective historical trauma can provide people with the motivation (e.g., Canetti et al, 2015;Rice & Benson, 2005;Wohl, Branscombe, & Reysen, 2010), cognitive set (e.g., Eidelson & Eidelson, 2003), and perceived justification for violence against other groups (Bar-Tal, 2003;Noor, Shnabel, Halabi, & Nadler, 2012;Staub, 1989). When people are reminded of their group's historical trauma, they often feel more strongly affiliated with their group, to the point of uncritical support for in-group behavior.…”

Section: Collective Trauma and Contemporary Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

When criticism is ineffective: The case of historical trauma and unsupportive allies

Hirschberger

Lifshin

Seeman

et al. 2017

Euro J Social Psych

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Three studies examined the effect of historical trauma reminders and criticism from international allies on attitudes toward current conflicts. In Study 1, Israeli participants (N = 116) were primed with the Holocaust, and read either that the U.S. President Obama supports Israel's right to defend itself and attack Iran, or that he opposes such action. Then, support for preemptive violence was assessed. Study 2 (N = 133) replicated this design, comparing inclusive and exclusive framings of the Holocaust. Study 3 (N = 478), examined the effect of Holocaust reminders and criticism from the European Union on attitudes toward militant policies against Palestinians. All three studies found that Holocaust primes juxtaposed with international criticism increased support for aggression, especially under exclusive framings of the Holocaust. Study 3, however, found this effect only among left‐wing participants. These findings indicate that when historical trauma is salient, international criticism may be ineffective and may even backfire.

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Section: Collective Trauma and Contemporary Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

When criticism is ineffective: The case of historical trauma and unsupportive allies

Hirschberger

Lifshin

Seeman

et al. 2017

Euro J Social Psych

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“…While being labelled a perpetrator may be threatening to social identity (e.g., Doosje, Branscombe, Spears, & Manstead, ; Klein, Licata, & Pierucci, ), the victim status is more ambiguous. On the one hand, being a victimized in‐group may induce shame or humiliation (Rice & Benson, ; Volkan, 2001, cited by Vollhardt, ). On the other hand, in the context of a comparison with the perpetrators, the victim has the moral high ground (Baumeister, Exline, & Sommer, )—which may partially explain why many groups seek recognition of their victim status (Chaumont, ; Todorov, ).…”

Section: Acknowledgment Of Inflicted Sufferingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A century of victimhood: Antecedents and current impacts of perceived suffering in World War I across Europe

Bouchat

Licata

Rosoux

et al. 2017

Euro J Social Psych

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The present study addresses antecedents and consequences of collective victimhood in the context of World War I (WWI) across 15 European nations (N = 2423 social science students). Using multilevel analysis, we find evidence that collective victimhood is still present a hundred years after the onset of the war and can be predicted by WWI‐related objective indicators of victimization at national and family levels. This suggests that collective victimhood is partly grounded in the actual experience of WWI. In addition, we show that sense of collective victimhood positively predicts acknowledgment of the suffering inflicted by one's nation on other countries during WWI. This is consistent with a social representation of WWI as involving a vast massacre in which nations were both victim and perpetrator. Finally, we find that objective indicators of victimization predict pacifism in divergent ways, with an indicator at the national level associated with more pacifist attitudes and an indicator at the family level being associated with less pacifist attitudes. This finding suggests that war‐torn societies may have developed social representations favouring peaceful coexistence whereas, at the family level, victimization may still foster retaliatory tendencies.

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“…Through narratives of violence against one's group in the past, historical trauma is relived. This may give rise to shame, rage, and entrenched intergroup violence (Rice & Benson, 2005). Collective narratives of trauma are often instrumentalized by politicians or militant group leaders to instigate new violence, which is then perpetrated by former victim groups (Ramanathapillai, 2006).…”

Section: Violence Begets Violence: Affective and Cognitive Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altruism Born of Suffering and Prosocial Behavior Following Adverse Life Events: A Review and Conceptualization

2009

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This paper introduces the concept of ''altruism born of suffering,'' and provides a review and integration of relevant research and theories from various disciplines. In contrast to the well-supported notion that prosocial behavior is rooted in positive experiences, whereas violence and adversity often contribute to further violence and antisocial behavior, it is proposed that suffering may actually enhance the motivation to help other disadvantaged members of society, including outgroups. A motivational process model is presented that includes a typology of altruism born of suffering, integrates clinical and social psychological perspectives on underlying processes, and proposes potential mediators and moderators. Relevant empirical studies are reviewed that provide initial support for this model. A particular emphasis is placed on victims of group-based violence, and implications for intergroup relations and social justice.Keywords Altruism Á Prosocial behavior Á Suffering Á Collective violence Á Intergroup relations A commonly held view is that altruism and prosocial behavior originate in positive experiences and processes, whereas antisocial behavior is often rooted in negative conditions and life experiences. Indeed, social psychological theories of altruism and prosocial behavior tend to study the phenomenon in the general population and have focused on positive factors, whereas most research on traumatic events and adverse life experiences is centered in the field of clinical psychology and has focused on negative, psychopathological effects.

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Hungering for Revenge: the Irish Famine, the Troubles and Shame-Rage Cycles, and their Role in Group Therapy in Northern Ireland

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

When criticism is ineffective: The case of historical trauma and unsupportive allies

When criticism is ineffective: The case of historical trauma and unsupportive allies

A century of victimhood: Antecedents and current impacts of perceived suffering in World War I across Europe

Altruism Born of Suffering and Prosocial Behavior Following Adverse Life Events: A Review and Conceptualization

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