Humoral Stimulation of Adrenal Cortical Secretion*

Blair‐West, J. R.; Coghlan, John P.; Denton, Derek A.; Goding, J. R.; Munro, J. A.; Peterson, Ralph E.; Wintour, Marelyn

doi:10.1172/jci104619

Cited by 159 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…During the past six years thi.s method has Ijcen used in studies on t"ie regulation of aldosterone secretion reported by Blair-West et al (1962); BlairWast ct al (1963); Blair-West, Coghlan,Denton,Munro,Wintour and Wright (19S4); Blair-We.st, Boyd, Coghlan, Denton, Coding, Wintour and Wright (1964); Blair-West, Boyd, Coghlan, Denton, Coding, Wintour and Wright (1965). Secretion rate.s of aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol in trained sheep witli auto-trausplanted adrenal glands, sodium replete and after the loss of sodium for one or two days from a unilateral parotid fistula, are shown in Table 9.…”

Section: Use Of the Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Measurement of Corticosteroids in Adrenal Vein Blood of Sheep

Jp¹,

Wintour²,

Scoggins³

1966

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary. A double isotope dilution derivative method for determination of aldost( rorif. cortisol and forticosteront' in adrenal vein blood of sheep is described.' ^C-liiiioIIed steroids are iist-d as the indicator and -Ul-act'tit-anhydride as the reagent for the formation of the labelled derivative.Experimental data accumulated from six years' use of the method are diseti-ssetl with .special eniphasi.s on specifii-ity. sensitivity, accuracy and precision.Mean scretion rates of akiosterone, cortisol and corticosterone from sodium replete and Modium deficient .sheep with aiitotransplanted adrenals are pre.sented.INTRODUCTION.

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Section: Use Of the Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…repre.sents only 2 nanograms of aldosterone in the vial. Acetic anhydride has been widely used to produce steroid mono-acetates of this specific activity (Kliman and Peterson, I960;Blair-West et al, 1962;Hudson ef al. 1963).…”

Section: Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Measurement of Corticosteroids in Adrenal Vein Blood of Sheep

Jp¹,

Wintour²,

Scoggins³

1966

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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“…ACTH (Synacthen) was dissolved in NS and infused to give a concentration of 0·02 nmol/l of ACTH in the adrenal arterial supply. This is a maximally stimulating concentration to aldosterone secretion in the sheep, lower rates being stimulatory only to cortisol secretion (Blair-West et al 1962). KCl was dissolved in NS and infused at a rate calculated to increase plasma [K] in the adrenal arterial supply by 1 mmol/l.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of adrenomedullin infusion on basal and stimulated aldosterone secretion in conscious sheep with cervical adrenal autotransplants

Salemi

McDougall²,

Hardy³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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In vivo and in vitro studies have shown conflicting effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) on the secretion of steroid hormones from the adrenal gland. While some investigators report no effect of this peptide on the output of various hormones, others have reported both stimulatory and inhibitory roles for ADM. We have shown that basal aldosterone secretion rate (ASR), in conscious sheep with cervical adrenal autotransplants, did not change when ADM was infused directly into the adrenal arterial supply. While not affecting basal ASR, ADM did produce pronounced increases in adrenal blood flow (BF). This elevation of BF in association with ADM infusion was seen in all subsequent experiments. When aldosterone output was acutely stimulated by angiotensin II (AngII), potassium chloride (KCl) and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), ADM was seen to drastically reduce the secretion of aldosterone with all agonists studied. After pre-exposure to ADM, all three agonists increased ASR but the magnitude of the responses were somewhat blunted. ADM did not have the same effect on cortisol secretion stimulated by ACTH, suggesting that the ability of this peptide to influence adrenal gland function is limited to the zona glomerulosa. In conditions of chronic elevation of aldosterone levels, such as in Na deficiency, ADM did not display the same inhibitory abilities seen in the acute stimulation experiments. Hence, ADM has been shown to have a direct, inhibitory role on the acute stimulation of aldosterone by AngII, KCl and ACTH while not affecting basal or chronic aldosterone secretion or cortisol secretion stimulated by ACTH.

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“…A second possibility that the aldosterone effect on the gland is potentiated by aldosterone-stimulating hormone is under investigation through tests on the effect of caval constriction in the adrenalectomized animal.9 Two other features of Figure 3 are the lower threshold in the Na-depleted sheep and the increase in the slope of the relation between K and the aldosterone dose with increasing depletion. These phenomena might be contributed to by a reduced volume of distribution, a reduced rate of clearance of aldosterone from the circulation, or some change in sensitivity of the parotid gland to 9 At the Twenty-second International Congress of Physiology held in Leiden, Netherlands, in 1962, Davis, Holman, Carpenter, Urquhart, and Higgins reported evidence for a factor causing sodium retention in caval constricted dogs that were adrenalectomized. aldosterone, or all of these; the maximal salivary K concentration in proportion to the degree of depletion makes likely some change in sensitivity.…”

Section: Ipsilateral Carotid Arterial Infusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Aldosterone, Cortisol, and Corticosterone Upon the Sodium and Potassium Content of Sheep's Parotid Saliva*

Blair‐West¹,

Coghlan²,

Denton³

et al. 1963

J. Clin. Invest.

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Sodium depletion in the sheep results in a fall in parotid salivary sodium/potassium concentration ratio (Na/K) from a normal 25 to 40 (Na, 170 to 185 and K, 4 to 6 mEq per L) to as low 0.3 (Na, 40 and K, 133 mEq per L) (1, 2). Earlier work in this laboratory suggested that this reciprocal alteration in the concentration of salivary sodium and potassium was due predominantly to the simultaneous operation of 1) a fall in the salivary secretion rate and 2) an increase in the secretion of electrolyte-active adrenal steroids. If suitable allowance were made for the effects of variation in the parotid salivary secretion rate and the latency of the response, it was proposed that the salivary Na/K ratio could be used as an index of the release of electrolyte-active steroid into the circulation (2-5).Cortisol (6), corticosterone (6), and aldosterone (7-9) have been identified in sheep adrenal venous blood. In order to obtain a basis for evaluating the contribution of each of these components of the adrenal secretion to the fall in parotid salivary Na/K ratio observed during different physiological states, the effects of these steroids upon salivary Na and K were studied in a series of experiments in normal and adrenalectomized sheep. METHODSAnimals. Eighteen crossbred Merino wethers were used in this study. All had unilateral parotid fistulae (1) and carotid loops, and 11 were bilaterally adrenalectomized (5). Of the nonadrenalectomized sheep, two * This work was supported by U. S. Public Health Service research grant H-6284 from the National Heart Institute and by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, the Wool Research Trust Fund, the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, and the Rural Credits Fund of the Reserve Bank. A preliminary report was presented to the International Conference on Salivary Glands and Their Secretions, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash., August 27-29, 1962. had adrenal transplants (10, 11) and two had inflatable cuffs placed on the thoracic inferior vena cava (12).Diet. The animals were allowed 0.4 kg oaten chaff and 0.4 kg lucerne chaff per day with a Na content of approximately 100 mEq per day. All animals were housed in metabolism cages, and had free access to water and sodium bicarbonate solution except during Na depletion (13). Voluntary Na intake and volumes of saliva and urine were recorded daily.Initial experimental conditions. The salivary response to corticosteroids was examined in Na-replete normal and adrenalectomized animals and in adrenalectomized sheep with known Na deficit.Normal sodium balance. In this instance, the animal's voluntary Na intake was recorded daily for the 3 to 4 days before the experiment (13); 3 to 4 hours before the experiment, 200 to 300 mEq NaHCO3 was given into the rumen to ensure that the animal was Na-replete. In the adrenalectomized animals, the daily maintenance dose of 5 mg desoxycorticosterone and 25 mg cortisone acetate was last given 24 to 48 hours before the experiment. Sodium deficiency was produced by loss of parotid sa...

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Humoral Stimulation of Adrenal Cortical Secretion*

Cited by 159 publications

References 52 publications

The Measurement of Corticosteroids in Adrenal Vein Blood of Sheep

The Measurement of Corticosteroids in Adrenal Vein Blood of Sheep

Effect of adrenomedullin infusion on basal and stimulated aldosterone secretion in conscious sheep with cervical adrenal autotransplants

The Effect of Aldosterone, Cortisol, and Corticosterone Upon the Sodium and Potassium Content of Sheep's Parotid Saliva*

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