Humoral response to two doses of BNT162b2 vaccination in people with HIV

Heftdal, Line Dam; Knudsen, Andreas Dehlbæk; Hamm, Sebastian Rask; Hansen, Cecilie Bo; Møller, Dina Leth; Pries-Heje, Mia Marie; Fogh, Kamille; Hasselbalch, Rasmus Bo; Jarlhelt, Ida; Pérez‐Alós, Laura; Hilsted, Linda; Ostrowski, Sisse Rye; Gerstoft, Jan; Grønbæk, Kirsten; Bundgaard, Henning; Iversen, Kasper; Garred, Peter; Nielsen, Susanne Dam

doi:10.1111/joim.13419

Cited by 35 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First reports showed that most PLWH responded to mRNA vaccination in terms of binding and neutralizing Ab (82). This was consistent with observations made in a simian animal model (83).…”

Section: People Living With Hiv (Plwh)supporting

confidence: 86%

Insights From Early Clinical Trials Assessing Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is critical to protect immunocompromised patients against COVID-19 with effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccination as they have an increased risk of developing severe disease. This is challenging, however, since effective mRNA vaccination requires the successful cooperation of several components of the innate and adaptive immune systems, both of which can be severely affected/deficient in immunocompromised people. In this article, we first review current knowledge on the immunobiology of SARS-COV-2 mRNA vaccination in animal models and in healthy humans. Next, we summarize data from early trials of SARS-COV-2 mRNA vaccination in patients with secondary or primary immunodeficiency. These early clinical trials identified common predictors of lower response to the vaccine such as anti-CD19, anti-CD20 or anti-CD38 therapies, low (naive) CD4+ T-cell counts, genetic or therapeutic Bruton tyrosine kinase deficiency, treatment with antimetabolites, CTLA4 agonists or JAK inhibitors, and vaccination with BNT162b2 versus mRNA1273 vaccine. Finally, we review the first data on third dose mRNA vaccine administration in immunocompromised patients and discuss recent strategies of temporarily holding/pausing immunosuppressive medication during vaccination.

show abstract

“…First reports showed that most PLWH responded to mRNA vaccination in terms of binding and neutralizing Ab (82). This was consistent with observations made in a simian animal model (83).…”

Section: People Living With Hiv (Plwh)supporting

confidence: 86%

Insights From Early Clinical Trials Assessing Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In PLWH, the questionnaire was completed 1039 (90.0%) times after the first vaccination and 1026 (90.4%) after the second vaccination. Overall, more than half (52.4%) of the participants reported any AE ( Our primary result analysis in participants receiving mRNA vaccines contrasts with most of the small cohort studies performed in PLWH where the authors found similar responses as in controls [16][17][18].…”

Section: Reactogenicitycontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…Small studies using the ChAdOx1-S vaccine in the UK and South Africa in relatively young PLWH with high CD4+ T-cell counts gave comparable responses to controls [14, 15]. As for BNT162b2, similar results were shown in a limited number of PLWH [16-18]. The identification of risk factors for a reduced response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in PLWH is important as it will help to improve vaccination strategies in PLWH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV: a nationwide prospective cohort study in the Netherlands

Hensley

Jongkees

GeurtsvanKessel

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Vaccines can be less immunogenic in people living with HIV (PLWH), but for SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations this is unknown. Methods and Findings A prospective cohort study to examine the immunogenicity of BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, ChAdOx1-S and Ad26.COV2.S vaccines in adult PLWH, without prior COVID-19, compared to HIV-negative controls. The primary endpoint was the anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG response after mRNA vaccination. Secondary endpoints included the serological response after vector vaccination, anti-SARS-CoV-2 T-cell response and reactogenicity. Between February-September 2021, 1154 PLWH (median age 53 [IQR 44-60], 86% male) and 440 controls (median age 43 [IQR 33-53], 29% male) were included. 884 PLWH received BNT162b2, 100 mRNA-1273, 150 ChAdOx1-S, and 20 Ad26.COV2.S. 99% were on antiretroviral therapy, 98% virally suppressed, and the median CD4+T-cell count was 710 cells/µL [IQR 520-913]. 247 controls received mRNA-1273, 94 BNT162b2, 26 ChAdOx1-S and 73 Ad26.COV2.S. After mRNA vaccination, geometric mean concentration was 1418 BAU/mL in PLWH (95%CI 1322-1523), and after adjustment for age, sex, and vaccine type, HIV-status remained associated with a decreased response (0.607, 95%CI 0.508-0.725). In PLWH vaccinated with mRNA-based vaccines, higher antibody responses were predicted by CD4+T-cell counts 250-500 cells/µL (2.845, 95%CI 1.876-4.314) or >500 cells/µL (2.936, 95%CI 1.961-4.394), whilst a viral load >50 copies/mL was associated with a reduced response (0.454, 95%CI 0.286-0.720). Increased IFN-γ, CD4+, and CD8+T-cell responses were observed after stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides in ELISpot and activation induced marker assays, comparable to controls. Reactogenicity was generally mild without vaccine-related SAE. Conclusion After vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273, anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were reduced in PLWH. To reach and maintain the same serological responses and vaccine efficacy as HIV-negative controls, additional vaccinations are probably required.

show abstract

“…A positive humoral response was defined as having both a minimum of 25% inhibition in the neutralizing assay and concurrent anti-RBD IgG >225 AU/ml ( 28 , 32 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in Antibody Concentration 6 Months After Two Doses of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients and Healthy Controls

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPrevious studies have indicated inferior responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. We examined the development of anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) immunoglobulin G (IgG) after two doses of BNT162b2b in SOT recipients 6 months after vaccination and compared to that of immunocompetent controls.MethodsWe measured anti-RBD IgG after two doses of BNT162b2 in 200 SOT recipients and 200 matched healthy controls up to 6 months after first vaccination. Anti-RBD IgG concentration and neutralizing capacity of antibodies were measured at first and second doses of BNT162b2 and 2 and 6 months after the first dose. T-cell responses were measured 6 months after the first dose.ResultsIn SOT recipients, geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-RBD IgG increased from first to second dose (1.14 AU/ml, 95% CI 1.08–1.24 to 11.97 AU/ml, 95% CI 7.73–18.77) and from second dose to 2 months (249.29 AU/ml, 95% CI 153.70–385.19). Six months after the first vaccine, anti-RBD IgG declined (55.85 AU/ml, 95% CI 36.95–83.33). At all time points, anti-RBD IgG was lower in SOT recipients than that in controls. Fewer SOT recipients than controls had a cellular response (13.1% vs. 59.4%, p < 0.001). Risk factors associated with humoral non-response included age [relative risk (RR) 1.23 per 10-year increase, 95% CI 1.11–1.35, p < 0.001], being within 1 year from transplantation (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.30–1.85, p < 0.001), treatment with mycophenolate (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09–2.18, p = 0.015), treatment with corticosteroids (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10–1.90, p = 0.009), kidney transplantation (RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.25–2.30, p = 0.001), lung transplantation (RR 1.63, 95% CI 1.16–2.29, p = 0.005), and de novo non-skin cancer comorbidity (RR 1.52, 95% CI, 1.26–1.82, p < 0.001).ConclusionImmune responses to BNT162b2 are inferior in SOT recipients compared to healthy controls, and studies aiming to determine the clinical impact of inferior vaccine responses are warranted.

show abstract

Humoral response to two doses of BNT162b2 vaccination in people with HIV

Cited by 35 publications

References 15 publications

Insights From Early Clinical Trials Assessing Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients

Insights From Early Clinical Trials Assessing Response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Immunocompromised Patients

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV: a nationwide prospective cohort study in the Netherlands

Decline in Antibody Concentration 6 Months After Two Doses of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients and Healthy Controls

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About