Humoral immune response upon mild heat-shock conditions in Galleria mellonella larvae

Wojda, Iwona; Jakubowicz, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.06.003

Cited by 67 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Exposure of larvae to 4 or 37°C leads to increased survival following challenge with C. albicans and this protective response appears to be mediated by increased numbers of circulating haemocytes and by the elevated expression of genes coding for a range of antimicrobial peptides. Overall, pre-incubation of larvae at 4 or 37°C leads to greater levels of expression of antimicrobial peptides than pre-incubation at 30°C possibly indicating that the insect finds the higher (37°C) and lower (4°C) temperatures stressful [30]. Given the increased use of insects as models for in vivo testing of microbial pathogens and evaluation of antimicrobial drugs [2,3] these findings indicate that the incubation temperature can significantly affect the larval immune response and thus fluctuations should be minimised to ensure consistency of results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pre-incubation temperature on susceptibility of Galleria mellonella larvae to infection by Candida albicans

2007

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The use of insects for evaluating the virulence of microbial pathogens and for determining the efficacy of antimicrobial drugs is increasing. When larvae of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella were incubated at 4 or 37°C for 24 h. prior to infection, they manifested increased resistance to infection by the yeast Candida albicans compared to larvae that had been pre-incubated for 24 h at 30°C. Incubation at 4 or 37°C led to an increase in haemocyte density and the expression of genes coding for gallerimycin, transferrin, an inducible metalloproteinase inhibitor (IMPI) and galiomicin. Peak expression of these genes was recorded at approximately 24 h after the commencement of the 4 or 37°C incubation. These results indicate that exposure of larvae to mild thermal shock conditions induces a protective cellular and humoral immune response mediated by increased numbers of haemocytes and elevated expression of antimicrobial peptides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pre-incubation temperature on susceptibility of Galleria mellonella larvae to infection by Candida albicans

2007

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“…Expression of genes encoding the ribosomal protein S7e (housekeeping) and the antimicrobial peptides antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) cecropin and gloverin were evaluated. Primers employed for S7e and cecropin have been previously described (76). The primer sequences for gloverin (forward, 5=-ACTCACATGCCAGTTGACTT-3=; reverse, 5=-TGGGATACACTTATCG-CTTC-3=) were designed using transcriptomic data from G. mellonella recently published by Vogel et al (71).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutations That Impact the Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Cpx Envelope Stress Response Attenuate Virulence in Galleria mellonella

Leuko

Raivio

2012

Infect Immun

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ABSTRACTIn this paper, we show that the larvae of the greater wax moth,Galleria mellonella, can be used as a model to study enteropathogenicEscherichia coli(EPEC) virulence.G. mellonellalarvae are killed after infection with EPEC type strain E2348/69 but not by an attenuated derivative that expresses diminished levels of the major virulence determinants or by a mutant specifically defective in type III secretion (T3S). Infecting EPEC inhabit the larval hemocoel only briefly and then become localized to melanized capsules, where they remain extracellular. Previously, it was shown that mutations affecting the Cpx envelope stress response lead to diminished expression of the bundle-forming pilus (BFP) and the type III secretion system (T3SS). We demonstrate that mutations that activate the Cpx pathway have a dramatic effect on the ability of the bacterium to establish a lethal infection, and this is correlated with an inability to growin vivo. Infection with allE. colistrains led to increased expression of the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) gloverin and cecropin, although strain- and AMP-specific differences were observed, suggesting that theG. mellonellahost perceives attenuated strains and Cpx mutants in unique manners. Overall, this study shows thatG. mellonellais an economical, alternative infection model for the preliminary study of EPEC host-pathogen interactions, and that induction of the Cpx envelope stress response leads to defects in virulence.

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“…47 Therefore, because flies are infected and maintained at 29°C, certain aspects of fungal virulence in mammals may not be accurately modeled in this organism; Galleria, which can be maintained at 37°C, the mammalian physiologic temperature, may be used instead, taking into account however that increasing the temperature of Galleria to 37°C itself alters cellular and humoral immune responses. 48,49 Second, the alb1-deficient Aspergillus fumigatus mutant, which is hypovirulent in mice and flies, 11,50 was hypervirulent in Galleria, in which it appears to trigger dysregulated immunopathology. 51 Thus, the absence of virulence of a fungal strain in one host does not preclude its pathogenicity in another pathosystem.…”

Section: Fungal Virulence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila and Galleria insect model hosts

Lionakis¹

2011

Virulence

103

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Humoral immune response upon mild heat-shock conditions in Galleria mellonella larvae

Cited by 67 publications

References 52 publications

Effect of pre-incubation temperature on susceptibility of Galleria mellonella larvae to infection by Candida albicans

Effect of pre-incubation temperature on susceptibility of Galleria mellonella larvae to infection by Candida albicans

Mutations That Impact the Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Cpx Envelope Stress Response Attenuate Virulence in Galleria mellonella

Drosophila and Galleria insect model hosts

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