Humoral and cellular immune responses in adult geese induced by an inactivated vaccine against new type gosling viral enteritis virus

Abstract

To assess the immunogenicity of an inactivated new type gosling viral enteritis virus (NGVEV) vaccine, we investigated 3 different doses of the inactivated vaccine and the inactivated vaccine in conjunction with 3 different doses of recombinant goose interleukin-2 (rGoIL-2) adjuvant. A virus concentration of 10(5) 50% embryo infective dose/mL was subcutaneously inoculated into adult geese divided into 6 groups. The dynamic changes of the humoral and cellular immunity responses elicited by the vaccines in the adult geese postvaccination (PV) were investigated using ELISA, virus neutralization test, and lymphocyte proliferation assay. The clearance of virus from the intestines of geese (175 d PV) was studied by histopathological examination and indirect immunofluorescence assay after virulent NGVEV challenge. This study showed that the inactivated NGVEV vaccine elicits strong humoral and cellular responses in the vaccinated adult geese. The absorbance values of specific anti-NGVEV antibodies, the neutralization antibody titer, and the lymphocyte proliferation index rapidly increased, peaked at about 28 d PV, progressed to the plateau stage, and then decreased slightly. The rGoIL-2 adjuvant enhanced the immune response, and this adjuvant in conjunction with the inactivated NGVEV vaccine induces a significantly higher specific anti-NGVEV antibody absorbance value, neutralization antibody titer, and lymphocyte proliferation index than the non-adjuvant-inactivated NGVEV vaccine (P < 0.05). The inactivated NGVEV vaccine conferred adequate efficient ability to clear NGVEV in vaccinated geese even in the last phase of the vaccination period (175 d PV). The inactivated NGVEV vaccine (0.5 mL/goose) with 1,000 units of rGoIL-2 adjuvant/goose is the most effective dose, thereby eliciting the strongest humoral and cellular immunity responses and providing the most efficacious clearance of NGVEV in vivo.

New Insight into the Structure, Development, Functions and Popular Disorders of Bursa Fabricii

“…Chen et al. (, ) showed for the first time that the virus can be detected in the lymphoid and gastrointestinal organs as early as 48 h post‐infection. The highest levels of viral antigen were found in the BF, thymus, proventriculus, gizzard and intestinal tract.…”

Apoptosis inducedin vivoby new type gosling viral enteritis virus

“…The minimal lethal dose of the virus suspension (LD 50 ) was 10 6.5±1.3 /0.5 mL. This strain has been previously described [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

“…Furthermore, other studies showed that apoptosis can be induced by NGVEV in 334 Shun Chen et al monolayer primary duck embryo fibroblasts and the host cells of duck embryos [5][6][7][8]. According to our recent research results, NGVEV can induce apoptosis in infected gosling; however, detailed information about this process is still unavailable [11]. To investigate apoptosis evoked by NGVEV infection in vivo, apoptotic morphological changes were observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).…”