Humidity‐Tolerant Roll‐to‐Roll Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells via Polymer‐Additive‐Assisted Hot Slot Die Deposition

Kim, Jueng Eun; Kim, Seok Soon; Zuo, Chuantian; Gao, Mei; Vak, Doojin; Kim, Dong Yu

doi:10.1002/adfm.201809194

Cited by 107 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Fully R2R gravure-printed PSCs showed PCE of 13.8% from scan in reverse direction, and 13.55% on average when P3HT was used as HTL. This is the highest PCE ever reported for fully R2R-processed PSCs 11,16 ( Fig. 6e and Table 1).…”

Section: And 4 and Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Consequently, the use of tBuOH:EA as antisolvent during the bathing is expected to guarantee a high PCE of PSCs with wide processing window for the R2R process. 11,12,16,22,23,[37][38][39][40] . These coating methods have an advantage of high-throughput deposition of desired layer, but methods require an additional patterning process after deposition.…”

Section: And 4 and Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the roll-to-roll (R2R) process enables high-throughput, low-cost production of flexible and light-weight PSCs, which will expand the applicability of PSCs into a variety of mobile electronic devices, vehicle-and buildingintegrated PVs 9,10 . There have been only a few reports on the R2R production of PSCs so far, and even they are only about partial R2R production or R2R running at laboratory scale [11][12][13][14][15][16] .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Roll-to-roll gravure-printed flexible perovskite solar cells using eco-friendly antisolvent bathing with wide processing window

et al. 2020

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Driven by recent improvements in efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), upscaling of PSCs has come to be regarded as the next step. Specifically, a high-throughput, low-cost roll-to-roll (R2R) processes would be a breakthrough to realize the commercialization of PSCs, with uniform formation of precursor wet film and complete conversion to perovskite phase via R2R-compatible processes necessary to accomplish this goal. Herein, we demonstrate the pilot-scale, fully R2R manufacturing of all the layers except for electrodes in PSCs. Tert-butyl alcohol (tBuOH) is introduced as an eco-friendly antisolvent with a wide processing window. Highly crystalline, uniform formamidinium (FA)-based perovskite formation via tBuOH:EA bathing was confirmed by achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 23.5% for glass-based spin-coated PSCs, and 19.1% for gravure-printed flexible PSCs. As an extended work, R2R gravure-printing and tBuOH:EA bathing resulted in the highest PCE reported for R2R-processed PSCs, 16.7% for PSCs with R2R-processed SnO2/FA-perovskite, and 13.8% for fully R2R-produced PSCs.

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Section: And 4 and Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: And 4 and Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Roll-to-roll gravure-printed flexible perovskite solar cells using eco-friendly antisolvent bathing with wide processing window

et al. 2020

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“…[ 17,25–26 ] The strategies such as anti‐solvent bath, gas quenching and pre‐heat substrate method are adopted to increase the rate of solvent evaporation. [ 11,27–31 ] Although the high PCE devices can be achieved, the results are only performed on small‐area substrate. If the area of the substrate is increased, new processing parameters will need to be optimized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward All Slot‐Die Fabricated High Efficiency Large Area Perovskite Solar Cell Using Rapid Near Infrared Heating in Ambient Air

Huang

Guan

Lee

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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However, the impressive high PCE was obtained from small area cell (<1 cm 2) using non-up-scalable spin coating method in nitrogen. [1-3] To make commercially viable PSC, the development of low cost and large area fabrication process in ambient air is imperative. Many processes are available in industry for largescale area coating such as dip coating, blade coating, and slot-die coating, etc. Among them, the slot-die coating is preferable because the precision control of coating thickness and solution usage (i.e., minimum wastage of material). [4-7] The slot-die coating is also suitable to be adopted for continuously process which can reduce the cost of manufacturing even further. High performance PSC has been fabricated by scalable process such as blade coating, slot-die coating and spray coating. [8-14] However, most of studies concentrated on the perovskite layer processing in controlled environment. Only limited reports are on the scalable process operated in ambient air. [15-18] The commonly used architecture of p-in PSCs contains four layers deposited by solution process, and those four layers include hole transport layer (HTL), light absorption perovskite layer, electron transport layer (ETL) and work function modifier layer (WFL). First, all the solvents used in the processing of each layer should be nontoxic for the scalable process. [19-21] Then the balance among suitable chemical composition of each layer, solvent type, film morphology control, compatibility between layers, the stability of each layers to have a workable ambient air processing system is quite challenge in terms of science and engineering. The film morphology and compatibility of each layer of PSCs are controlled by the chemical compositions of each layer and processing condition. For the perovskite layer, the film morphology is determined by the kinetic rate of solvent evaporation and crystallization. [22-23] For spin coating, most of the solvents are removed rapidly by the coater rotation and the anti-solvent dripping. [24] However, the rate of the solvent evaporation of slot-die coating is lower than that of spin coating. [17,25-26] The strategies such as anti-solvent bath, gas quenching and pre-heat substrate method are adopted to increase the rate of solvent evaporation. [11,27-31] Although the high PCE devices can be achieved, the results are only performed on small-area substrate. If the Currently, high-efficiency perovskite solar cells are mainly fabricated by the spin-coating process, which limits the possibility of commercial mass-production of perovskite solar cells. In this work, the slot-die coating process is combined with near-infrared irradiation heating to quickly manufacture perovskite solar cells in air. The composition of the perovskite precursor solution is tuned by adding n-butanol, with its low boiling point and low surface tension, to increase the near-infrared energy absorption, facilitate the evaporation of the solvent system and film formation, and accelerate the crystallization of perovskite. High-quality uni...

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“…Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) developed quickly in the past years, approaching power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 25%, which was comparable with commercialized silicon solar cells . Particularly, PSCs with inverted planar structures have drawn great attention due to their low‐temperature solution‐process fabrication, which is compatible with roll‐to‐roll and flexible process and can be simply integrated into tandem solar cells . However, the device performance of inverted PSCs still lags behind that of regular structured PSCs, probably due to distinct open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ) loss induced by surface recombination .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Photovoltage Loss in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells by Quantum Dots Alloying Modification at Cathode Contact

et al. 2019

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The tremendous passion for inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is originated from their great tendency in the roll‐to‐roll process‐compatible fabrication and huge potential for integration into tandem solar cells. But the device efficiency is still lower than regular structured PSCs. Engineering of the cathode interface to efficiently control and reduce VOC loss lights a lamp for increasing electrochemical properties and boosting overall performance. Herein, a simple interfacial modification strategy is developed by introducing a hybrid ligand interfacial layer to reduce VOC loss in PSCs with inverted planar structure. Heavily washed QDs are used as neutral charged intermedia to enable alloying reaction to transfer ligands without damage to perovskite (PVK). A band bending is immediately generated on the top surface of PVK film after QDs modification, which is directly confirmed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). This contributes to ≈50 mV reduced VOC loss, leading to a VOC of 1.15 V and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.6% in inverted PSCs. Meanwhile, enhanced stability is achieved for these devices after QDs modification, in which PCE is maintained at >90% of initial value after 1000 h storage.

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Humidity‐Tolerant Roll‐to‐Roll Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells via Polymer‐Additive‐Assisted Hot Slot Die Deposition

Cited by 107 publications

References 60 publications

Roll-to-roll gravure-printed flexible perovskite solar cells using eco-friendly antisolvent bathing with wide processing window

Roll-to-roll gravure-printed flexible perovskite solar cells using eco-friendly antisolvent bathing with wide processing window

Toward All Slot‐Die Fabricated High Efficiency Large Area Perovskite Solar Cell Using Rapid Near Infrared Heating in Ambient Air

Reducing Photovoltage Loss in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells by Quantum Dots Alloying Modification at Cathode Contact

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