Humic and fulvic acids stimulate the growth of Mycobacterium avium

Kirschner, Richard A.

doi:10.1016/s0168-6496(99)00069-0

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Many mycobacterial species are ubiquitous organisms in environmental reservoirs; especially in water and soil [ 3 , 42 , 45 - 47 ] and can survive and multiply under a wide range of environmental conditions. Their recovery from tissues of slaughter animals originating from such areas is indicative of the mycobacterial status of the environment and water sources [ 3 , 45 , 46 ] as well as their potential to cause infection [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of mycobacteria isolated from slaughter cattle in pastoral regions of Uganda

et al. 2007

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BackgroundBovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic problem in pastoral cattle and communities in Uganda. Tuberculin tests in pastoral cattle had shown a high herd but low animal prevalence, with a high proportion of avian reactors. No work had been done to identify the mycobacterial species involved. The objective of the study was to isolate and characterise Mycobacterial species causing tuberculous lesions in slaughtered animals. Lesioned organs compatible with bovine tuberculosis in slaughtered cattle from pastoral areas in Uganda were collected and cultured to isolate mycobacteria. AccuProbe culture identification kits for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, M. avium complex and M. avium were used to identify the isolates. Spoligotyping and Insertion Sequence (IS) 1311 and IS1245 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis (RFLP) were used to further characterise the isolates.ResultsOf the 61 lesioned organs and tissues cultured, 19 isolates were identified as M. bovis, 3 as M. avium subsp.hominissuis, 1 as M. intracellulare, 1 as a mixed culture of M. bovis and M. avium sp. and 1 as M. avium sp. and unidentified mycobacteria. Eleven other mycobacteria outside the tuberculosis and avium complex groups were also isolated. Ten new spoligopatterns grouped into three clusters were identified from M. bovis isolates. Two of the three M. avium subsp.hominissuis isolates showed similar patterns on the IS1311 RFLP but all were different on the IS1245 RFLP.ConclusionThe isolation of M. bovis confirms the ongoing infection with spoligotypes unique to Uganda. Isolation of environmental mycobacteria could explain the high avian or non specific tuberculin reactor patterns commonly observed in pastoral cattle and suggests their pathogenic or opportunistic role in the infection of cattle with disseminated bovine tuberculous lesions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of mycobacteria isolated from slaughter cattle in pastoral regions of Uganda

et al. 2007

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“…2004) and able to grow on a variety of organic compounds (Goodfellow and Magee 1998) including some found in water and soil (e.g. humic and fulvic acids; Kirschner et al. 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surrounded by mycobacteria: nontuberculous mycobacteria in the human environment

Falkinham

2009

Journal of Applied Microbiology

472

359

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Summary A majority of the Mycobacterium species, called the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), are natural inhabitants of natural waters, engineered water systems, and soils. As a consequence of their ubiquitous distribution, humans are surrounded by these opportunistic pathogens. A cardinal feature of mycobacterial cells is the presence of a hydrophobic, lipid‐rich outer membrane. The hydrophobicity of NTM is a major determinant of aerosolization, surface adherence, biofilm‐formation, and disinfectant‐ and antibiotic resistance. The NTM are oligotrophs, able to grow at low carbon levels [>50 μg assimilable organic carbon (AOC) l−1], making them effective competitors in low nutrient, and disinfected environments (drinking water). Biofilm formation and oligotrophy lead to survival, persistence, and growth in drinking water distribution systems. In addition to their role as human and animal pathogens, the widespread distribution of NTM in the environment, coupled with their ability to degrade and metabolize a variety of complex hydrocarbons including pollutants, suggests that NTM may be agents of nutrient cycling.

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“…avium growth (Kirschner et al . ). Paddles and coupons were removed at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days incubation and the number of adherent CFU counted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…avium growth (Kirschner et al . ). After 1, 7, 14 and 21 days incubation at room temperature, a paddle was removed, washed by dipping in autoclaved Blacksburg tap water and processed for measurement of mycobacterial CFU cm −2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Adherence and biofilm formation of Mycobacterium avium ,Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium abscessus to household plumbing materials

Mullis

Falkinham

2013

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: Measure adherence and biofilm formation by cells of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium abscessus on common household plumbing materials namely stainless steel, glass, zinc-galvanized steel, copper and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Methods and Results: Coupons in a CDC biofilm reactor were exposed to cell suspensions containing 10 5 NTM colony forming units (CFU) per ml and adherence measured for 6 h. Biofilm formation (increased numbers of adherent CFU) was measured weekly to 21 days in the absence of substantial numbers of suspended mycobacterial cells. Adherence was rapid and substantial with 2000-15 000 CFU cm À2 adhering within 1-6 h at room temperature. Biofilm numbers reached as high as 10 7 CFU cm À2 . Biofilm-grown cells of Myco. avium were more adherent compared with suspension-grown cells. Conclusions: Mycobacterium avium, Myco. intracellulare and Myco. abscessus readily adhered and formed biofilms on all types of plumbing materials. Factors influencing adherence and biofilm formation were species, plumbing material and prior growth.

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Humic and fulvic acids stimulate the growth of Mycobacterium avium

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Characterisation of mycobacteria isolated from slaughter cattle in pastoral regions of Uganda

Characterisation of mycobacteria isolated from slaughter cattle in pastoral regions of Uganda

Surrounded by mycobacteria: nontuberculous mycobacteria in the human environment

Adherence and biofilm formation of Mycobacterium avium ,Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium abscessus to household plumbing materials

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