Human values: Genetic and environmental effects on five lexically derived domains and their facets

Renner, Walter; Kandler, Christian; Bleidorn, Wiebke; Riemann, Rainer; Angleitner, Alois; Spinath, Frank M.; Menschik-Bendele, Jutta

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.09.003

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Heritability for religiousness also tends to be lower than those for FFM traits, ranging between 0% and 40% depending on the age group studied (see , for a review). In line with these findings, a recent study (Renner et al, 2012) found larger heritability estimates for intellectualistic, materialistic and conservative values (37% to 46%) compared with communion and religious values (36% to 37%).…”

Section: Attitudes Values and Beliefssupporting

confidence: 56%

Core and Surface Characteristics for the Description and Theory of Personality Differences and Development

2014

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Individual differences in personality are often described on the basis of a small set of dimensional core characteristics that are commonly defined as largely consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings and actions across time and situations. Some theoretical approaches even consider them to provide the biologically founded basis for individual differences in so‐called surface characteristics such as self‐related evaluations, social attitudes, values, goals or interests, which are commonly hypothesized to be less stable or more environmentally malleable than core characteristics. We examine these hypotheses by reviewing findings about potential core and surface characteristics on the basis of four criteria: (i) level of stability in individual differences; (ii) level of heritability; (iii) direction of causation; and (iv) shared genetic variance. The results from our review call into serious question the labelling of some sets of constructs as either core or surface characteristics of personality. Although certain dimensions—often labelled as basic traits (e.g. extraversion)—are systematically linked to more specific characteristics (e.g. social attitudes and interests), the so‐called basic traits do not appear to provide an essential basis (i.e. the more stable and genetically anchored source) for these characteristics. We argue for more integrative models of personality in adulthood. Copyright © 2014 European Association of Personality Psychology

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Section: Attitudes Values and Beliefssupporting

confidence: 56%

Core and Surface Characteristics for the Description and Theory of Personality Differences and Development

2014

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“…For example, achievement, autonomy, and self‐directedness value orientations have been shown to be substantially heritable (e.g., Keller, Bouchard, Arvey, Segal, & Dawis, ; Schermer, Vernon, Maio, & Jang, ). Similarly, previous studies have reported at least moderate genetic influences on individual differences in status values, such as power and property, as well as in prosocial value priorities, such as benevolence, universalism, altruism, and harmony in family and community (Keller et al., ; Renner et al., ; Schermer et al., ; Schermer et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…have been shown to be substantially heritable (e.g., Keller, Bouchard, Arvey, Segal, & Dawis, 1992;Schermer, Vernon, Maio, & Jang, 2011). Similarly, previous studies have reported at least moderate genetic influences on individual differences in status values, such as power and property, as well as in prosocial value priorities, such as benevolence, universalism, altruism, and harmony in family and community (Keller et al, 1992;Renner et al, 2012;Schermer et al, 2008;Schermer et al, 2011). The genetic influence on individual differences in core value priorities may reflect individual differences in core motives underlying human nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Parent-child resemblance and the similarity of siblings can also be a result of genetic similarity due to the genetic relatedness of biological family members. Twin studies have found evidence for both genetic and environmental influences accounting for the twin similarity in values (Knafo & Spinath, 2011;Renner et al, 2012;Schermer, Feather, Zhu, & Martin, 2008). Thus, genetic sources as well as familial influences may account for the development of individual differences in children's value priorities.…”

Section: Developmental Perspective On Individual Differences In Valuementioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic and Environmental Parent–Child Transmission of Value Orientations: An Extended Twin Family Study

2015

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Despite cross-cultural universality of core human values, individuals differ substantially in value priorities, whereas family members show similar priorities to some degree. The latter has often been attributed to intrafamilial socialization. The analysis of self-ratings on eight core values from 399 twin pairs (ages 7-11) and their biological parents (388 mothers, 249 fathers; ages 26-65) allowed the disentanglement of environmental from genetic transmission accounting for family resemblance in value orientations. Results indicated that parent-child similarity is primarily due to shared genetic makeup. The primary source of variance in value priorities represented environmental influences that are not shared by family members. These findings do not provide evidence for parental influences beyond genetic influences contributing to intrafamilial similarity in value priorities.

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“…An important quality of materialism is that it is learned. Although studies have found significant correlations between the materialism levels of children and their parents (Buijzen & Valkenburg, 2003;Chaplin & John, 2010;Flouri, 1999;Goldberg, Gorn, Peracchio, & Bamossy, 2003), research has ruled out the possibility that this relationship has a genetic basis (Giddens, Schermer, & Vernon, 2009;Renner et al, 2012). If not inherited, then material values must be learned.…”

Section: Conceptualizing Materialismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materialism pathways: The processes that create and perpetuate materialism

2017

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Materialism has been examined in many social science disciplines from multiple perspectives. This review synthesizes this extensive literature into two organizing frameworks that describe how materialism develops in children and how materialism is reinforced and perpetuated in adulthood. The major components of the developmental model are the daily event cycle, developmental tasks, cultural influence, and family environment, all of which interact to influence how materialistic a child becomes. The reinforcement model describes how personal qualities that materialists tend to possess make them more vulnerable to threats in daily events, resulting in psychological discomfort. The desire to reduce this discomfort, in conjunction with the transformative powers that materialists ascribe to acquisition, results in actions and outcomes that reinforce materialistic tendencies. Suggestions for furthering the study of materialism are also included.

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Human values: Genetic and environmental effects on five lexically derived domains and their facets

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Core and Surface Characteristics for the Description and Theory of Personality Differences and Development

Core and Surface Characteristics for the Description and Theory of Personality Differences and Development

Genetic and Environmental Parent–Child Transmission of Value Orientations: An Extended Twin Family Study

Materialism pathways: The processes that create and perpetuate materialism

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