Human urine biomarkers of renal cell carcinoma evaluated by ClinProt

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the major causes of cancer death and is radio- and chemoresistant. Urine of 29 healthy subjects and 39 clear cell RCC patients were analyzed using the ClinProt technique to search for possible biomarkers for early RCC diagnosis. A cluster of three signals (marker A= at m/z 1827 ± 8 Da, marker B = 1914 ± 8 Da and marker C = 1968 ± 8 Da) was able to discriminate patients from controls. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed values of area under the curve (AUC) higher than 0.9 for marker A and B, corresponding to a sensitivity of 85-90% and a specificity of 90%, while marker C gave a lower AUC (0.84) corresponding to sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 100%. The combination of three markers lead to an improvement in diagnostic efficacy, with specificity and sensitivity of 100% and 95%, respectively, in the training test and of 100% and of 85% in the test experiment. The efficacy of this cluster of signals to distinguish RCC patients grouped by tumor stage showed a sensibility of 100% for patients at the primary tumor 1 stage. One of the signals present in the cluster was identified as a fragment of Tamm-Horsfall protein.

Alterations of the serum peptidome in renal cell carcinoma discriminating benign and malignant kidney tumors

“…small pilot study a cluster of peptides able to discriminate RCC patients from healthy subjects thus encouraging the prosecution of this investigation with a wider number of cases based on magnetic bead pre-fractionation before MALDI-TOF analysis both on serum and urine [22,23]. Here we present a proteomic study based on serum peptidome profiling with ClinProt-MALDI-TOF in Renal Cell Carcinoma.…”

“…ProteinChip pre-fractionation combined with MS analysis has been reported in various human diseases [38] including renal cell carcinoma in urine [22] and serum [23]. These selected clusters of peaks could represent promising diagnostic tools even…”

“…only for RCC [22,23], but also for different type of tumors [24]. A technique based on activated target surface, well known as SELDI-MALDI-TOF, has also been successfully used to provide preliminary evidence that a cluster of peptides can be used to build a decision tree flow able to differentiate not only ccRCC from normal subjects [25], but also from benign renal tumors in combination with CT [26].…”

Downregulation of C3 and C4A/B complement factor fragments in plasma from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the penis

“…However, since this approach is very laborious and time-consuming, it is not practicable in clinical chemistry laboratories. Other methods based on the biological fl uid proteome prefractionation have been recently made available (11,12). The successful discovery of a proteomic profi le correlated to an altered state by the ClinProt method has been reported in various human diseases, such as oral, bladder, nasopharyngeal and neck cancer (13)(14)(15).…”

“…The successful discovery of a proteomic profi le correlated to an altered state by the ClinProt method has been reported in various human diseases, such as oral, bladder, nasopharyngeal and neck cancer (13)(14)(15). Recently, we have used this approach to fi nd possible ccRCC biomarkers in urine and serum (12,16). In view of these results, we investigated the possibility of using the ClinProt technique to fi nd possible plasma diagnostic markers that can better distinguish healthy subjects from patients affected by SCCP.…”