Human striatal neuroblasts develop and build a striatal-like structure into the brain of Huntington's disease patients after transplantation

Cellular Therapy and Induced Neuronal Replacement for Huntington's Disease

“…Given these divergent reports, predicated on trials involving different cell preparation and implantation protocols and invariably small sample sizes, there is a clear need for a larger scale, technically standardized, and well-controlled evaluation. To this end, there are currently 3 ongoing clinical trials, part of the Euro-HD Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Phase II study, which is intended to re-assess graft efficacy using improved tissue preparation and surgical protocols [19,20].…”

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapy for Huntington's Disease: Technical, Immunological, and Safety Challenges

“…However, the precise differentiation stage is ill-defined and slight over-evaluation of the fetal age may produce grafting material that is underdifferentiated and over-proliferating. This, together with the inappropriate dissection previously discussed may explain the reported cases of HD graft overgrowth [126,128].…”

“…Reports of different types of adverse effects have been presented and can result directly from the surgical procedure, allogenic immune reactions (previously discussed), infections, or abnormalities in the grafted tissue. Cases of subdural hematoma [7,9,106] and intracerebral hemorrhage [126] following transplantation of HD patients can be included in the first class. Despite the procurement of fetuses in non-GMP facilities and the possibility of contamination with vaginal flora [127], no case of infection directly attributed to the grafted tissue has been reported.…”

“…Both have been reported or suggested in several patients, in Parkinson's disease [78][79][80] and in HD [106,126,128]. Major cases of such complications have been discovered during a systematic neuroimaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), positron emission tomographic scan) follow-up post-transplantation.…”

Embryonic Stem Cell in the Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases

“…However, in transgenic mice, the authentic HD animal model, striatal cell transplantation only produced a limited effect on behavioral function (Gutekunst et al,2000). The clinical study of cell-based therapy on HD was conducted in Mexico in 1990, after that several reports from several countries showed that the human fetal striatal transplants could survive in the striatum without displacing the surrounding tissue (Gallina et al,2010;Capetian et al, 2009;Hauser et al, 2002). Furthermore, human fetuses from ganglionic eminences (GE) transplanted into patients had shown long-term success (Bachoud-Lévi et al, 2006;Bachoud-Lévi et al, 2000).…”