Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Optimization and Immobilization with Antituberculosis Drugs

Abstract

The aim of this study was to create nanoparticles of human serum albumin immobilized with anti-TB drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid) using the desolvation method. Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to study the effect of albumin, urea, L-cysteine, rifampicin and isoniazid concentration on particle size, polydispersity and loading degree of the drugs. The optimized nanoparticles were spherical in shape with an average particle size of 216.7 ± 3.7 nm and polydispersity of 0.286 ± 4.9. The loading degree of rifampicin and isoniazid in the optimized nanoparticles were 44% and 27%, respectively. The obtained nanoparticles were examined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); the results showed the absence of drug–polymer interactions. The drug release from the polymer matrix was studied using dialysis membranes.

Central Composite Design for Formulation and Optimization of Rifampicin Loaded Polylactide-Co-Glycolide Nanoparticles

“…The value of zeta potential of nanoparticles varied from -31±3 to -0.6±2 mV. The lowest value of zeta potential (-30.9±3.4 mV) was recorded at NP1, in this case the system is stable in terms of electrostatic interaction, as charged particles repel each other, reducing the probability of their aggregation [19,21]. PLGA7 is for Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (50:50),ester terminated with molecular weight 7 000-17 000 PLGA24 is for Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (50:50),ester terminated with molecular weight 24 000-38 000 PLGA30 is for Poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (50:50),ester terminated with molecular weight 30 000-60 000 Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the suitability and significance of the mathematical model in predicting particle size and loading degree (see Table 3).…”

“…With CCD, the interactive effect of a large number of variables affecting product outcomes/quality can be determined by performing a limited number of experiments. Moreover, CCD was successfully used in our previous study to optimize and develop a method for the synthesis of HSA NPs loaded with anti-TB drugs, and the data produced by CCD showed good and reliable predictions [19]. The variables in Table 1 were selected based on our initial studies [11,20].…”