Human Security Studies

ASEAN's economic security and regional economic cooperation: Past, present, and future

“…Nevertheless, it is commonly suggested that ASEAN's perceptions on the linkages between economic security interests have significantly moved away from realist paradigms. ASEAN's continuing emphasis on regional economic cooperation and integration over the past three decades suggests that member states have embraced the liberal ideals of commercial peace (Bearce and Omori, 2005; Goldsmith, 2007; Haftel and Hofmann, 2017; Peou, 2002), albeit arguably, and extended the scope of economic security into non-traditional security issues (Caballero-Anthony, 2018; Peou, 2014).…”

“…Third, the scope of ASEAN's economic security has been continuously extended to non-traditional security (NTS) issues, which are defined as non-military and transnational challenges to the survival and well-being of people and states (Caballero-Anthony, 2018; Caballero-Anthony et al, 2006; Martel, 2017). ASEAN states’ experience of adverse shocks from transnational threats has led researchers to pay attention to a variety of NTS issues, such as environmental degradation, labor migration, humanitarian assistance, and natural disaster management (Caballero-Anthony, 2018) or human security (Peou, 2014). Moving away from neoliberalism's simplistic view that a country's economic well-being increases its national security, these studies actively explore the ways in which ASEAN can build and strengthen regional security governance for NTS challenges through “deeper institutionalization” (Caballero-Anthony, 2008).…”

Why 'Smart' Sanctions Still Cause Human Insecurity

“…In the West, two champions of human security, Canada and Norway, subsequently abandoned or did not refer to the concept after they had adopted it at the turn of the 21st century (Peou 2019). Only two democracies in East Asia (Japan and South Korea) adopted human security in their respective foreign policy agendas (Peou and Kuhnle 2014;Peou 2014Peou , 2009.…”

“…The number of sanctions increased from only two between 1945 and 1990 to 16 in the last ten years of the 20th century (Tostensen and Bull 2002, 373). One can also make the case that the 1990s was also the decade that gave rise to the idea of human security because of armed conflicts and the mass atrocities committed after the end of the Cold War in countries like the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda (Peou 2014). Much attention was given to intrastate political violence in various forms such as civil war and the most serious crimes (namely, war crimes, genocide, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity) which were seen as prominent sources of threat to human security.…”

Seguridad humana, conflicto y proceso de paz en Colombia

“…El bienestar debe reflejarse en la creación de condiciones óptimas para la vida del individuo, además de permitir generar condiciones para una paz duradera. Así la Seguridad Humana concentra siete dimensiones: aseguramiento de ingresos económicos básicos; acceso a alimentos básicos eliminando el hambre; liberación de las enfermedades y aseguramiento de la salud; libertad ante las amenazas personales como la guerra, la tortura, el crimen y distintas formas de violencia; mantenimiento de las diferentes identidades colectivas y grupos étnicos; aseguramiento de las condiciones ambientales y en general, respeto a los derechos humanos desde lo político, lo económico, lo social y lo civil (Peou, 2014).…”