Human respiratory syncytial virus and influenza seasonality patterns—Early findings from the WHO global respiratory syncytial virus surveillance

Chadha, Mandeep S.; Hirve, Siddhivinayak; Bancej, Christina; Barr, Ian G.; Baumeister, Elsa; Caetano, Bráulia Costa; Chittaganpitch, Malinee; Badarch, Darmaa; Ellis, Joanna; Fasce, Rodrigo; Herve, Kadjo; Jackson, Sandra; Leung, Vivian; Pisareva, Maria; Moyes, Jocelyn; Naguib, Amel; Tivane, Almiro; Zhang, Wenqing; Barakat, Amal; Bhardwaj, Sumit Dutt; Broor, Shobha; Burmaa, Alyeksandr; Campbell, Harry; Coulibaly, Daouda; Crawford, Nigel; Fahim, Manal; Herring, Belinda L.; Nair, Harish; Palekar, Rakhee; Pebody, Richard; Rajatonirina, Soatiana; Siqueira, Marilda Mendonça; Smith, Peter G.; Smorodintseva, Elizaveta; Sotomayor, Viviana; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Vaz, Miquelina; Venter, Marietjie; Wairagkar, Niteen; Zambon, Maria

doi:10.1111/irv.12726

Cited by 71 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, in Vietnam, a country with a tropical monsoon climate with high humidity, studies have found seasonal peaks of IAV during April to June [ 30 ], while in our study IAV peaked during December to January. In Egypt, a recent study showed that HRSV activity started in early winter and finished in early spring, similar to our findings, and found distinct annual peaks of HRSV that varied in duration and magnitude across the six tropical and subtropical countries included in their analysis [ 39 ]. They also found variation among participant countries regarding the timing of the peaks for influenza viruses and HRSV.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In temperate zones, IAV, IAB and HRSV have very well-defined seasonality, being considered winter viruses, while AdV, HMPV, and PIV viruses circulate all year round with specific peaks for AdV subtypes in the fall (AdV1) and the spring-summer (AdV3) [ 32 , 39 , 40 ]. In our study, respiratory infections among pediatric participants generally peaked in the winter months, with IAV and IBV, HRSV, and AdV contributing the most to the overall infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For tropical and subtropical regions, previous reports have found similar patterns to those found in this study, with year- round incidence of respiratory viruses, and the presence of seasonal peaks. Most commonly, HRSV seasonal peaks have been reported in the rainy seasons and cooler seasons, respectively, with overlapping seasonality with influenza viruses peaks [ 34 , 39 , 41 ]. However, there are specific variations in the timing of the seasonal peaks by each place, that can be helpful to guide clinical suspicion for local health providers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral etiology and seasonal trends of pediatric acute febrile illness in southern Puerto Rico; a seven-year review

et al. 2021

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Background Acute febrile illness (AFI) is an important cause for seeking health care among children. Knowledge of the most common etiologic agents of AFI and its seasonality is limited in most tropical regions. Methodology/Principal findings To describe the viral etiology of AFI in pediatric patients (≤18 years) recruited through a sentinel enhanced dengue surveillance system (SEDSS) in Southern Puerto Rico, we analyzed data for patients enrolled from 2012 to May 2018. To identify seasonal patterns, we applied time-series analyses to monthly arboviral and respiratory infection case data. We calculated coherence and phase differences for paired time-series to quantify the association between each time series. A viral pathogen was found in 47% of the 14,738 patients. Influenza A virus was the most common pathogen detected (26%). The incidence of Zika and dengue virus etiologies increased with age. Arboviral infections peaked between June and September throughout the times-series. Respiratory infections have seasonal peaks occurring in the fall and winter months of each year, though patterns vary by individual respiratory pathogen. Conclusions/Significance Distinct seasonal patterns and differences in relative frequency by age groups seen in this study can guide clinical and laboratory assessment in pediatric patients with AFI in Puerto Rico.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral etiology and seasonal trends of pediatric acute febrile illness in southern Puerto Rico; a seven-year review

et al. 2021

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“…In regions with temperate climate, incidence of RSV infection concentrates during the winter months and may sometimes be absent in summertime 5 . In sub-tropical and tropical regions, RSV infection may be sporadic throughout the year or showed increased activity during the rainy or cooler months 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus infection trend is associated with meteorological factors

Thongpan

Vongpunsawad

Poovorawan

2020

Sci Rep

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects young children and causes influenza-like illness. RSV circulation and prevalence differ among countries and climates. To better understand whether climate factors influence the seasonality of RSV in Thailand, we examined RSV data from children ≤ 5 years-old who presented with respiratory symptoms from January 2012-December 2018. From a total of 8,209 nasopharyngeal samples, 13.2% (1,082/8,209) was RSV-positive, of which 37.5% (406/1,082) were RSV-A and 36.4% (394/1,082) were RSV-B. The annual unimodal RSV activity from July-November overlaps with the rainy season. Association between meteorological data including monthly average temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and wind speed for central thailand and the incidence of RSV over 7-years was analyzed using Spearman's rank and partial correlation. Multivariate time-series analysis with an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model showed that RSV activity correlated positively with rainfall (r = 0.41) and relative humidity (r = 0.25), but negatively with mean temperature (r = − 0.27). The best-fitting ARIMA (1,0,0)(2,1,0) 12 model suggests that peak RSV activity lags the hottest month of the year by 4 months. Our results enable possible prediction of RSV activity based on the climate and could help to anticipate the yearly upsurge of RSV in this region.

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“…In temperate regions, an increase in influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and seasonal CoV activities has been associated with cold and dry winters. In contrast, in the tropical and subtropical regions, epidemics uses to occur in rainy seasons or along the year [74,75,[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89]. Time series analyses suggest that the likelihood of airborne transmission is favored by the presence of low relative humidity and lower temperature conditions [90][91][92].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and The Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Can Climate and Environmental Factors Putatively Increase SARS-Cov2 Transmission Risks?

Rangel¹,

Afonso²,

Sotero-Martins³

et al. 2021

AJBSR

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After the identification of the first SARS-COV-2 infected cases in China, the virus was rapidly disseminated among the distinct continents and the COVID-19 pandemics was announced by the WHO in March 2020. Over time, the epidemiological sceneries varied among countries, according to the adopted mitigation measures and epidemic phase. Recently, a recrudescence of the epidemics has been observed in distinct countries. SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. The viral RNA has been detected in stool and other clinical specimens from infected patients and a putative fecal-oral transmission has been argued. Viruses are shed in human excreta, further disposed into the sewerage system or into the environment, in poor sanitation settings. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been regularly detected in wastewater and surface water impacted by the direct discharge of sewage. Some studies have reported an association between climatic parameters and an increase in COVID-19 incidence. However, conclusive evidence based in full seasons is needed so far. This mini-review briefly discusses the putative role of climate and environmental factors on SARS-CoV-2 exposure, transmission and circulation patterns. Moreover, some additional challenges in middle and low-income settings are highlighted. Efforts must be driven to categorically understand the relationships between SARS-CoV-2 infection, circulation patterns and climate parameters, as the putative implications of viral persistence and viability in distinct environmental matrices. This information is crucial for COVID-19 control and prevention, especially in middle and low-income settings, already wedged by social inequality, inadequate sanitation and deficient healthcare admission.

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Human respiratory syncytial virus and influenza seasonality patterns—Early findings from the WHO global respiratory syncytial virus surveillance

Abstract: Wenqing Zhang 2 | On behalf of the WHO RSV Surveillance Group This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 71 publications

References 23 publications

Viral etiology and seasonal trends of pediatric acute febrile illness in southern Puerto Rico; a seven-year review

Viral etiology and seasonal trends of pediatric acute febrile illness in southern Puerto Rico; a seven-year review

Respiratory syncytial virus infection trend is associated with meteorological factors

Can Climate and Environmental Factors Putatively Increase SARS-Cov2 Transmission Risks?

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